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This paper proposes a rotational speed sensor based on the magnetoelectric coupling effect. The sensor is composed of a permanent magnet array and a magnetoelectric composite FeSiB/Pb(Zr,Ti)O. The permanent magnet array rotates with the gear to provide a stable sinusoidal alternating magnetic field in its surrounding space, which is simulated and analyzed by using the finite element simulation software. Based on the magnetoelectric coupling effect, the composite FeSiB/Pb(Zr,Ti)O senses the magnetic field information and transforms it into electrical information so as to realize the rotating speed measurement. The experiments of sensing distance and linearity are carried out. The proposed sensor is compared and verified by a coil sensor. The results show that the proposed speed sensor has good linearity in the speed measured range, and the sensing distance can reach 15 mm. At the same time, it can be used for low-speed measurement. This kind of speed sensor has broad application prospects in the field of rotational speed measurement.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0062662 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin 10315, Germany.
Animals can improve their decision-making abilities by integrating information from multiple senses, which is especially beneficial when living in fluctuating environments. However, understanding how wild predators may use multimodal sensing when hunting prey in split-second interactions remains largely unexplored. As nocturnal hunters, bats rely on echolocation to navigate and to locate evasive prey, yet they have retained functional vision, despite the associated costs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvent-based sensors (EBS), with their low latency and high dynamic range, are a promising means for tracking unresolved point-objects. Conventional EBS centroiding methods assume the generated events follow a Gaussian distribution and require long event streams ($\gt 1$s) for accurate localization. However, these assumptions are inadequate for centroiding unresolved objects, since the EBS circuitry causes non-Gaussian event distributions, and because using long event streams negates the low-latency advantage of EBS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Virol
September 2025
Laboratory of Ultrastructural Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), which induces an innate immune response against viral infections, is rarely detected in influenza A virus (IAV)-infected cells. Nevertheless, we previously reported that the influenza A viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) complex generates looped dsRNAs during RNA synthesis . This finding suggests that IAV possesses a specific mechanism for sequestering dsRNA within infected cells, thereby enabling viral evasion of the innate immune response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Internet Things J
August 2025
Geometric Media Lab, School of Arts, Media and Engineering and School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA.
Human gait analysis with wearable sensors has been widely used in various applications, such as daily life healthcare, rehabilitation, physical therapy, and clinical diagnostics and monitoring. In particular, ground reaction force (GRF) provides critical information about how the body interacts with the ground during locomotion. Although instrumented treadmills have been widely used as the gold standard for measuring GRF during walking, their lack of portability and high cost make them impractical for many applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pain
September 2025
Cyber-physical Health and Assistive Robotics Technologies Research Group, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom; School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Neck pain is among the most prevalent musculoskeletal conditions worldwide. The underlying cause mostly remains unidentified, classified as non-specific neck pain. Pain can alter movement patterns and physiological responses, suggesting that certain biomechanical and physiological changes may serve as objective biomarkers for non-specific neck pain.
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