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Emerging evidence suggests that contact tracing has had limited success in the UK in reducing the R number across the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigate potential pitfalls and areas for improvement by extending an existing branching process contact tracing model, adding diagnostic testing and refining parameter estimates. Our results demonstrate that reporting and adherence are the most important predictors of programme impact but tracing coverage and speed plus diagnostic sensitivity also play an important role. We conclude that well-implemented contact tracing could bring small but potentially important benefits to controlling and preventing outbreaks, providing up to a 15% reduction in R. We reaffirm that contact tracing is not currently appropriate as the sole control measure.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25531-5 | DOI Listing |
Biol Lett
September 2025
Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Mammals, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA.
Accurately identifying evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) is crucial for conservation planning, especially for species like pangolins threatened by overhunting and habitat loss. ESUs help categorize different pangolin populations, aiding in understanding their genetic diversity and distribution, which is vital for targeted conservation efforts. This research generated mitochondrial genomes from historical museum specimens of Sunda pangolins () from underrepresented locations, uncovering a new evolutionary lineage from the Mentawai Islands that diverged from Indochina and west Sundaland populations around 760 000 years ago.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiosaf Health
August 2025
NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
The epidemiological characteristics of emerging infectious disease outbreaks in recent years have underscored the critical importance of controlling imported infectious diseases. In this study, we implemented dynamic tracking of microbial invasions by monitoring environmental microbes at the customs and ports. From July to September 2024, a total of 126 environmental samples were collected from three ports of entry in Shenzhen, China.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Infect Dis
September 2025
PandemiX Center of Excellence, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Denmark.
When a new pandemic virus emerges in a naive population the only control options are Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions, NPI's, until vaccines or effective treatments become available. Here we report on the Danish suppression strategy and use of a combination of NPI's with a notable absence of extremely strict measures (such as stay-at-home orders). Only 7% were infected (serological evidence) in the first year of the pandemic, compared to ∼50% in Lombardy in the first wave alone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
September 2025
Public Health Service Rotterdam Rijnmond, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Recently, the incidence of scabies in the Netherlands increased, especially among young adults. Students are particularly at higher risk of scabies infection, as they often live close together and have many contacts. To prevent ongoing transmission and enhance timely treatment, it is important for scabies patients to notify their contacts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
September 2025
In response to a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) outbreak in U.S. dairy cows detected in March 2024, with subsequent identification of human cases, the San Francisco Department of Public Health instituted enhanced influenza surveillance (influenza A virus subtyping of a sample of specimens weekly) in June 2024.
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