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Scientific software can be used for decades and is constantly evolving. Recently, metamorphic testing, a property-based testing technique, has shown to be effective in testing scientific software, and the necessary properties are expressed as metamorphic relations. However, the development of metamorphic relations is difficult: it requires considerable practical expertise for the software tester. In this article, we report our experience of uncovering metamorphic relations from a user forum's questions of the United States Environmental Protection Agency's Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). Our study not only illustrates a wealth of end users' expertise in interpreting software results, but also demonstrates the usefulness of classifying the user-oriented metamorphic relations into a nominal, ordinal, and functional hierarchy mainly from the software output perspective.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcse.2020.3046973 | DOI Listing |
Int J Biol Macromol
August 2025
Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
IscU, a key scaffold protein mediating the biogenesis of iron‑sulfur (FeS) clusters, exhibits metamorphic characteristics crucial for its versatile and efficient function. Previous studies have demonstrated that IscU has two interconverting conformations: the structured state (S-state) and the disordered state (D-state), each contributing to its distinct functionality and interaction network. Despite its physiological importance, the precise mechanism underpinning the maintenance of IscU's unique structural heterogeneity has remained elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2025
Instituto Geológico y Minero de España. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IGME-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
The Western Mediterranean has undergone complex subduction and collision between the African and Iberian plates, influenced by slab segmentation and melt generation. Despite numerous studies aimed at understanding these connections, the style of subduction remains controversial. Utilizing a compilation of geophysical data and a new map of magmatic suites along the Western Betic Cordillera, along with geochemical and geochronological analyses, this paper presents a 3D reconstruction of a segmented subducting slab beneath the Gibraltar Arc, with a focus on the nature and timing of slab tearing and magmatism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res
October 2025
Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Str., 31-343 Kraków, Poland. Electronic address:
XC Motif Chemokine Ligand 1 (XCL1, known as lymphotactin), acting via XCR1, is a member of the chemokine family which includes molecules with chemotactic functions. However, subsequent years of research on this chemokine, while simultaneously exploring and understanding the complexity of the processes taking place in living organisms, have revealed a plethora of interesting information about its properties. This review aims to combine the current knowledge on the properties of XCL1 under pathological conditions, particularly in neuropathy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegr Zool
July 2025
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
Senescence is defined as a chronological decline in demographic performance with age, showing a gradual deterioration of body functions and a related decline in survival. We analyzed biometric data from over 31 000 Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra L.) culled during 12 consecutive hunting seasons in 28 hunting districts with different geological substrate (calcareous, metamorphic, and siliceous) in Central-Eastern Alps (Italy).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Monit Assess
July 2025
Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
In this paper, the natural radioactivity levels and related radiological hazards in rock and soil samples from the Çine submassif, including all lithological units in Central-Western Anatolia, Turkey, were investigated. To achieve this, 15 rock samples and 15 surface soil samples were collected from 15 stations representing the geological structures of the Çine submassif. Rock samples are dominated by high-grade metamorphic rocks derived from granitic and litharenitic/subarkosic sandstones.
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