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Alterations in mitochondrial fission may contribute to the pathophysiology of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, we understand very little about the normal functions of fission or how fission disruption may interact with AD-associated proteins to modulate pathogenesis. Here we show that loss of the central mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) in CA1 and other forebrain neurons markedly worsens the learning and memory of mice expressing mutant human amyloid precursor protein (hAPP) in neurons. In cultured neurons, Drp1KO and hAPP converge to produce mitochondrial Ca (mitoCa) overload, despite decreasing mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) and cytosolic Ca. This mitoCa overload occurs independently of ATP levels. These findings reveal a potential mechanism by which mitochondrial fission protects against hAPP-driven pathology.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100469 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug De
Proliferative retinopathy is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in humans; however, the molecular mechanisms behind the immune cell-mediated retinal angiogenesis remain poorly elucidated. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing in an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model, we identified an enrichment of sorting nexin (SNX)-related pathways, with SNX3, a member of the SNX family that is involved in endosomal sorting and trafficking, being significantly upregulated in the myeloid cell subpopulations of OIR retinas. Immunostaining showed that SNX3 expression is markedly increased in the retinal microglia/macrophages of mice with OIR, which is mainly located within and around the neovascular tufts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
November 2025
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No.44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, No.105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong, 25001
The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of EPA-enriched phospholipids (EPA-PL) and DHA-enriched phospholipids (DHA-PL) against dexamethasone (DEX)-induced skeletal muscle atrophy both in vitro and in vivo. Results revealed that EPA-PL and DHA-PL significantly attenuated DEX-induced reduction in C2C12 myotube diameter. Additionally, supplementation with 1 % EPA-PL or 1 % DHA-PL for 6 weeks effectively alleviated DEX-induced declines in grip strength, skeletal muscle mass, and myofiber cross-sectional areas in mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Physiol Cell Physiol
September 2025
Humboldt-University zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Skeletal muscle atrophy and weakness are major contributors to morbidity, prolonged recovery, and long-term disability across a wide range of diseases. Atrophy is caused by breakdown of sarcomeric proteins resulting in loss of muscle mass and strength. Molecular mechanism underlying the onset of muscle atrophy and its progression have been analysed in patients, mice, and cell culture but the complementarity of these model systems remains to be explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cell Biol
October 2025
Cell and Systems Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
Mitochondria continually undergo fission to maintain their network and health. Nascent fission sites are marked by the ER, which facilitates actin polymerization to drive calcium flux into the mitochondrion and constrict the inner mitochondrial membrane. Septins are a major eukaryotic cytoskeleton component that forms filaments that can both directly and indirectly modulate other cytoskeleton components, including actin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetes Metab Syndr Obes
September 2025
Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China.
Diabetes has emerged as a critical global health issue, with its associated complications posing a severe threat to patients' quality of life. Current research demonstrates that imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics and autophagic dysregulation play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, particularly in diabetic cardiomyopathy, nephropathy, peripheral neuropathy and retinopathy. Strategic modulation of mitochondrial function and autophagic activity represents a promising therapeutic approach for managing diabetic complications.
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