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Over the last decades, Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms (HCBs) represent one of the most conspicuous hazards to human health in freshwater ecosystems, due to the uses of the water for drinking, recreation and aquaculture. Cyanobacteria are one of the main biological components in freshwater ecosystems and they may proliferate in nutrients rich ecosystems causing severe impacts at different levels. Therefore, several methods have been applied to control cyanobacterial proliferation, including physical, chemical and biological strategies. However, the application of those methods is generally not very efficient. Research on an eco-friendly alternative leading to the isolation of new bioactive compounds with strong impacts against harmful cyanobacteria is a need in the field of water environment protection. Thus, this paper aims to give an overview of harmful cyanobacterial blooms and reviews the state of the art of studying the activities of biological compounds obtained from plants, seaweeds and microorganisms in the cyanobacterial bloom control.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-02015-6 | DOI Listing |
Annu Rev Microbiol
September 2025
School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China ; email:
Prevalent in marine and freshwater ecosystems, cyanophages compose a class of double-stranded DNA viruses that specifically infect cyanobacteria. During billions of years of coevolution, cyanophages and cyanobacteria have significantly contributed to the biogeochemical cycling and genetic diversity of aquatic ecosystems. As natural predators of cyanobacteria, cyanophages hold promise as eco-friendly agents against harmful cyanobacterial blooms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Microbiol
September 2025
Department of Botany, Central Instrumentation Facility, Nehru Gram Bharati Deemed to University, Prayagraj, 221505, India.
This review study examines an innovative biotechnological strategy aimed at creating a specialized cyanobacterial ecosystem designed to produce high-quality biomass abundant in compounds that provide protection against solar radiation, specifically scytonemin and mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). The remarkable ability of cyanobacteria to produce biomass that is both sustainable and environmentally friendly has attracted considerable attention in recent years, largely due to its wide-ranging applications in various industries. However, a significant challenge remains: the concentrations of these beneficial metabolites within cyanobacteria are typically very low, rendering industrial-scale production economically unviable.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Microbiol Rep
October 2025
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Microcystis aeruginosa is a toxic cyanobacteria species that is often abundant during cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) in freshwaters. This study examined how growth on different nitrogen substrates influences the exometabolome of toxic and non-toxic strains of M. aeruginosa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Pollut Bull
September 2025
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Biology, Department of Botany, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Cyanobacteria produce a diverse array of bioactive secondary metabolites, encompassing both harmful and potentially beneficial compounds. This study evaluated the effects of five cyanobacterial strains with uncharacterized metabolomes, including the new species Komarekiella chia, Nodularia mediterranea, and Iphianassa zackieohae-on Lemna trisulca plant. Both short-term (exposure of plant to cyanobacterial extracts for 24 h) and long-term (2-week co-cultivation) experiments were conducted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Biofilms Microbiomes
August 2025
Environmental Microbiome Engineering and Innovative Genomics Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms pose severe threats to aquatic ecosystems. Bloom-forming cyanobacteria form cyanobacterial aggregates (CAs) that create a phycosphere supporting diverse microbial interactions. Here, longitudinal metagenomics and metatranscriptomics were employed to explore the temporal variation of CA-attached viral communities throughout cyanobacterial blooms in Lake Taihu.
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