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In late 2016, diplomats in Havana, Cuba, began presenting with a unique symptom complex after perceiving a strange noise and/or feeling a pressure field in their domicile. This report is a retrospective, quantitative analysis of video-oculography data of pupillary light reflex performance and binocular disparity-driven eye and pupil movements during the acute time period after the reported exposure. The patterns of response in these 19 individuals are markedly different than those seen in a group of individuals with the usual acute mild traumatic brain injury (17 subjects) and from 62 control subjects (21-60 years old) with no injury. Non-linear least squares regression was used to estimate the model parameters from the eye movement and the pupil measurements (1). Linear discriminant analysis was then used to identify a classifier for an objective discrimination of the groups with >91% accuracy and no confusion between the acute neurosensory findings among the members of the Havana diplomatic community and the subjects with acute mild traumatic brain injury. This pattern difference in eye and pupil behavior may be a useful screen to help objectively distinguish blunt trauma from Havana-type effects in the future and to guide the affected individuals to appropriate care.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7325881 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00469 | DOI Listing |
Neurotrauma Rep
August 2025
Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine; New York, New York, USA.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) impairs attention and executive function, often through disrupted coordination between cognitive and autonomic systems. While electroencephalography (EEG) and pupillometry are widely used to assess neural and autonomic responses independently, little is known about how these systems interact in TBI. Understanding their coordination is essential to identify compensatory mechanisms that may support attention under conditions of neural inefficiency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosci
September 2025
Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands.
Although phasic alertness generally benefits cognitive performance, it often increases the impact of distracting information, resulting in impaired decision-making and cognitive control. However, it is unclear why phasic alertness has these negative effects. Here, we present a novel, biologically-informed account, according to which phasic alertness generates a transient, evidence-independent input to the decision process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Surg Case Rep
September 2025
Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Division, King Khalid Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Introduction And Clinical Importance: To present a case of traumatic third cranial nerve palsy and discuss the management challenges associated with this condition.
Case Presentation: A 27-year-old male patient was referred to our hospital following a road traffic accident that resulted in multiple injuries, including traumatic brain injury, orbital injury. The patient presented with left complete upper lid ptosis, a fixed dilated pupil, and restricted extraocular muscle movements in the left eye except abduction with large exotropia >90 PD and hypotropia 25 PD diagnosed as left oculomotor nerve palsy.
Accid Anal Prev
September 2025
Department of Traffic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China. Electronic address:
In future traffic environments dominated by highly autonomous vehicles (AVs), pedestrians may face challenges in accurately interpreting AV behavior, thereby potentially increasing the risk of pedestrian-AV interactions. External human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) have been proposed to facilitate communication between AVs and pedestrians; however, comprehensive evaluations using objective data from real-world interactions are limited. This study developed a systematic evaluation framework grounded in the ISO 9241-11 standard, integrating four key indicators: decision accuracy, comprehensibility, decision efficiency, and perceived safety.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaturitas
August 2025
Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Finland; Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Finland. Electronic address:
Objectives: Faces and bodies serve as important cues of physical attractiveness and reproductive fitness. Previous studies indicate that there are sex-related differences in the visual processing of erotic stimuli. We investigated gaze patterns and sex differences during sexual perception.
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