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Audiences generally view people who display more (versus less) comparative optimism more favorably. We explored whether audiences view a target who displays comparative optimism as more professionally successful, and conversely, whether they view a target who is more professionally successful as more comparatively optimistic. In Study 1, participants estimated the career success of a target that varied in level of comparative optimism. In Study 2, participants estimated the level of comparative optimism of a target that varied in career success. The results revealed that observers rated comparative optimists as likely to have successful careers, and rated people with successful careers as likely to display comparative optimism. Inferences about personal agency account for the bidirectional relationship.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2019.1698508 | DOI Listing |
Mol Ecol
September 2025
Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA.
Steelhead/rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is an imperilled salmonid with two main life history strategies: migrate to the ocean or remain in freshwater. Domesticated hatchery forms of this species have been stocked into almost all California waterways, possibly resulting in introgression into natural populations and altered population structure. We compared whole-genome sequence data from contemporary populations against a set of museum population samples of steelhead from the same locations that were collected prior to most hatchery stocking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Geriatr
August 2025
Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No. 420, Fuma Road, Jinan District, Fuzhou, 350014, China.
Background: Although studies have demonstrated that both lifestyles and subjective well-being (SWB) are associated with mortality risk, the joint effects of a healthy lifestyle and SWB on the risk of mortality are unclear. This study aimed to explore the combined impact of lifestyles and SWB on total mortality among the older Chinese population.
Methods: Data were obtained from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey conducted from 2002 to 2018.
Cureus
August 2025
Department of Primary Care and Medical Education, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JPN.
Introduction Delayed diagnosis of hip fracture (HF), one of the most common fractures encountered in clinical practice, is associated with serious complications or adverse outcomes. However, these fractures are frequently missed on radiography. Auscultatory percussion, a simple screening method that compares percussion sounds between lower limbs using a stethoscope, has limitations owing to its subjective evaluation, which can lead to unstable diagnostic accuracy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Health Econ Health Policy
August 2025
PenTAG, University of Exeter, University of Exeter Medical School, South Cloisters, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK.
Background: In the absence of long-term data, structured expert elicitation gathers expert judgments and associated uncertainties to assess the clinical plausibility of long-term extrapolations.
Objective: The objective of this study was to obtain expert estimates of expected long-term outcomes for advanced renal cell carcinoma treatments to inform cost-effectiveness analysis for National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)'s pathways pilot.
Methods: Using materials from the structured expert elicitation resources (STEER) repository, aligned with the Medical Research Council (MRC) protocol, the exercise was planned and conducted.
Psychooncology
August 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA.
Background: Women prescribed adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) for nonmetastatic breast cancer may experience a decline in positive psychological well-being (PPWB) and self-efficacy. Brief cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and relaxation training (RT) interventions have shown short-term efficacy in reducing distress, but their impact on PPWB and self-efficacy over longer periods among women prescribed AET is unknown.
Aims: We aimed to investigate longitudinal effects of CBT and RT on PPWB and self-efficacy among women prescribed AET.