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Fluorescein-derived superoxide probes featuring a copper(II) complex that can be activated by superoxide to initiate ether bond cleavage and uncage a fluorescein reporter for imaging in live cells are described. Compared to other superoxide sensing moieties, this bond cleavage strategy can be modularly adapted to fluorescent reporters with different properties without compromising the superoxide reactivity and selectivity. A green-emitting probe and its lysosome-targeting analogue have been successfully developed. Both probes are sensitive with more than 30-fold fluorescence enhancement towards superoxide and are highly selective with no significant response towards other reactive oxygen species. A structure-activity relationship study of the copper-based superoxide trigger showed that the secondary coordination environment of the copper(II) center is important for the superoxide reactivity and selectivity. The probes have been applied in imaging changes in intracellular superoxide level in live HeLa and HEK293T cells upon menadione stimulation and also in a cellular inflammation model in RAW 264.7 cells.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202000059 | DOI Listing |
Discov Imaging
August 2025
Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E. 19 Ave., Aurora, CO 80045 USA.
Unlabelled: Superoxide (O ) production in an acute lung injury (ALI) murine model was detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and imaging. Lung injury was induced in wild-type (WT) mice and transgenic (Tg) mice with lung-specific EC-SOD overexpression by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administered intraperitoneally (IP) at a dose of 10 mg/kg. At 24 h after LPS treatment, mice were treated intraperitoneally and subcutaneously with the cyclic hydroxylamine probe, CMH, for superoxide measurements in the blood, or via intratracheal delivery (IT) with the cyclic hydroxylamine probes, CPH or DCP-AM-H, for lung cellular and mitochondrial superoxide detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
August 2025
Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Universidad de Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
The role of -benzoquinone (BQ) as a photocatalyst in the synthesis of solketal under UV irradiation has been studied, along with the combined use of BQ/TiO P25 as a photocatalytic system for the process. The presence of the O/O redox couple is essential for the reaction to take place. However, experiments with -benzoquinone as a superoxide radical scavenger failed, with the opposite effect of enhancing the reaction being observed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Healthc Mater
August 2025
School of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, P. R. China.
Doxorubicin (Dox) can cause delayed severe myocardial injury by promoting oxidative stress. The Golgi apparatus is involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. In this work, a dual-responsive fluorescent probe GHO, which can detect simultaneously both Golgi superoxide anion (O ) and peroxynitrite anion (ONOO) with two distinct emission bands, is developed for investigating the Golgi stress-mediated myocardial injury mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
August 2025
Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Boston, Massachusetts, 02129, USA.
Lophine, the first chemiluminescent compound discovered in history, has rarely been applied for in vivo imaging since its discovery in 1877. In this report, we demonstrate that lophine's chemiluminescence emission could be significantly enhanced by caging the imidazole moiety via molecular afterglow mechanism. Notably, our study revealed a rare superoxide anion-mediated luminescence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chem
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China.
Type I photodynamic therapy (PDT), generating superoxide anion radicals (O), presents a potent strategy against tumor resistance by virtue of its low oxygen dependence, ensuring efficacy in hypoxic tumors where traditional Type II PDT is limited. However, accurate O detection with high spatiotemporal and subcellular resolution remains a critical unmet need. Herein, we report the rational design and synthesis of , a novel fluorescent probe.
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