Category Ranking
98%
Total Visits
921
Avg Visit Duration
2 minutes
Citations
20
Article Abstract
Gold nanoparticles are used as drug delivery vectors based on the assumption that they have low toxicity. Literature has, however, produced conflicting results over the last few years. As such, this study aimed to investigate the toxicological effects of nanogold (nAu) on several indicators that range from subcellular to whole-organism level. Gene regulation, changes in oxidative stress biomarkers and swimming performance were assessed in Danio rerio (zebrafish) following exposures to nAu. Adult zebrafish were exposed in vivo to nAu for 96 h and swimming performance measured post-exposure. Liver tissue was collected for DNA microarray and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reactions (RT-PCR) analyses to determine changes in gene expression (catalase, superoxide dismutase and metallothioneins) and protein biomarker analyses (catalase, superoxide dismutase, acetylcholine esterase, malondialdehyde, cellular energy allocation and metallothionein) were performed on whole-body samples. Swimming behaviour was assessed in 1.1 L Tecniplast™ tanks for a period of six hours and videos were analysed using Noldus EthoVision software. Critical swimming speed was measured in a Loligo® swimming tunnel. The DNA microarray revealed that fish exposed to 20 mg/L differed most from the control group. At 20 mg/L there was a significant increase in gene expression for all genes analysed but this didn't translate to significant responses in protein biomarker levels except for an increase in protein carbonyl formation. The behaviour results demonstrated significant changes in distance moved, swimming speed, acceleration bouts, zone alterations and time spent within the top zone - responses that are usually observed in fish responding to toxicological stress. Furthermore, the critical swimming speed of exposed fish was decreased significantly compared to the control. Since swimming performance and social interaction among zebrafish is essential to their survival, whole-organism behaviour that suggests a toxicological response after exposure to nAu is in agreement with the genetic responses measured in this study.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105287 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Thermal ecology and swimming performance of native tadpoles Dryophytes femoralis in central Florida.
J Therm Biol
September 2025
Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, USA. Electronic address:
Urbanization and climate warming have contributed to global amphibian declines in recent decades, and amphibians are particularly vulnerable to warming because temperature influences their physiological processes across all life stages. Tadpole responses to warming in tropical climates are relatively understudied, and previous studies demonstrated species-specific responses to warming temperature. Warming ponds may quicken tadpole development and increase thermal tolerances, but increasing local temperatures push populations towards their physiological limits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferences in the rotation angles of the upper, middle, and lower thoracic spine, lumbar spine, and pelvis during front crawl swimming.
Sports Biomech
September 2025
Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata City, Japan.
Body roll during front crawl swimming refers to spinal rotation along the longitudinal axis. It is typically evaluated at the shoulders and pelvis; however, the middle and lower thoracic and lumbar spine are overlooked. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the differences in rotation angles and peak timing across the upper (shoulder roll), middle and lower thoracic spine, lumbar spine, and pelvis (hip roll) during front crawl swimming.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProgress and Future Challenges in Bionic Drag Reduction Research Inspired by Fish Skin Properties.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
College of Metrology Measurement and Instrument, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
During the long course of evolution, fish have developed complex skin structures to adapt to the dynamic aquatic environment. These skin features not only reflect optimal adaptation to the aquatic environment but also play a key role in effectively reducing fluid drag and improving swimming efficiency, to reveal the intrinsic connection between the complex skin structure of fish and drag reduction performance and to provide new design ideas for the drag reduction surface of underwater vehicles. Based on the different drag reduction characteristics of fish skin structures, this paper divides existing biomimetic drag reduction technologies into three categories: riblet drag reduction, flexible drag reduction, and composite drag reduction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSwimming coaches' perceptions and practices on periodization, performance monitoring, and training management.
Front Sports Act Living
August 2025
Sport Training Laboratory, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
Introduction: This study examined the beliefs and practices of Spanish national swimming coaches regarding season planning, aiming to gain a deeper understanding of how they organize training throughout the year.
Methods: A total of 18 coaches participated and were classified based on the performance level of their swimmers: World Class (27.8%), Elite (11.
A SERS-active microneedle array for rapid and minimally invasive lactic acid detection.
Anal Chim Acta
November 2025
State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China. Electronic address:
Background: During intense exercise, anaerobic metabolism predominantly produces energy in the body, resulting in lactic acid (LA) accumulation, which contributes to muscle fatigue and soreness and may also impair neurological and cardiovascular functions. In endurance sports, the lactate threshold (LT) is a key indicator of an athlete's capacity to clear and utilize LA, directly influencing athletic performance and endurance. Therefore, LA detection is crucial for assessing the physical condition of both athletes and the general population, as well as for optimizing training programs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF