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To investigate the interactions between bacterial species in relation to the biotic and abiotic environmental fluctuations, free-living (FL), nanoparticle-associated (NP), and microparticle-associated (MP) bacterial community compositions (BCCs) were analyzed. A total of 267 samples were collected from July to December 2016 in the dynamic and shallow southern coastal water of Korea. The variations in BCC mostly depended on planktonic size fraction. Network analysis revealed water depth-dependent co-occurrence patterns of coastal bacterial communities. Higher interspecies connectivity was observed within FL bacteria than NP/MP bacteria, suggesting that FL bacteria with a streamlined genome may need other bacterial metabolites for survival, while the NP/MP copiotrophs may have the self-supporting capacity to produce the vital nutrients. The analysis of topological roles of individual OTUs in the network revealed that several groups of metabolically versatile bacteria (the marine Roseobacters, Flavobacteriales, Desulfobacterales, and SAR406 clade) acted as module hubs in different water depth. In conclusion, interspecies interactions dominated in FL bacteria, compared to NP and MP bacteria; modular structures of bacterial communities and keystone species strongly depended on the water depth-derived environmental factors. Furthermore, the multifunctional, versatile FL bacteria could play pivotal roles in dynamic shallow coastal ecosystems.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45512-5 | DOI Listing |
Glob Chang Biol
September 2025
Institute of Forest Ecology, Department of Ecosystem Management, Climate and Biodiversity, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria.
Soils are a major reservoir for organic carbon (C), with subsoils (> 20-30 cm soil depth) storing most of this C. Predicting the response of deep-soil C to global change remains a critical research priority; yet long-term field observations for forests are scarce. In this study, we assessed decadal C dynamics in mineral soils to 90 cm depth of 62 temperate mature stands of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) in Austria using data from sampling campaigns in 1984, 2012, and 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
August 2025
Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
Studying the effects of environmental factors on microbial community assemblies is crucial for understanding microbial biodiversity and ecosystem processes. Although numerous studies have explored the spatial patterns of microbial communities in surface soils, bacterial community distributions in subsurface layers remain poorly understood. We investigated multiple community metrics of soil bacteria in arid and semi-arid grasslands in China, and the V4 region of 16S rDNA was analyzed using soil property measurements, fluorescent PCR, and high-throughput sequencing techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFiScience
August 2025
Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Coral skeletal morphology modulates light exposure in symbiotic algae, especially in light-limited environments like mesophotic reefs. However, quantifying light capture within complex coral structures remains challenging. Here, we used optical coherence tomography and high-resolution X-ray scanning to explore depth-dependent bio-optical properties of shallow and mesophotic corals from the Gulf of Eilat/Aqaba, Red Sea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoft Matter
July 2025
Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan.
The fabrication of polymer lamellar films with sub-10 nm periodicity and perpendicularly aligned structures is essential for applications in lithography and separation membranes. In this study, annealing an amphiphilic statistical copolymer, poly(-octadecyl acrylamide--(2-hydroxyethyl acrylamide)), in water induces the formation of perpendicularly oriented lamellae, where the lamellar planes align perpendicular to the substrate. The statistical copolymer with a 1 : 1 comonomer composition is synthesized free-radical polymerization, and thin films are prepared by spin coating.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomed Opt
July 2025
Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.
Significance: Compensation for depth-dependent fluence without knowledge of tissue composition is a crucial unmet need for quantitative photoacoustic imaging.
Aim: We developed a method for estimating the effective optical attenuation coefficient of bulk tissue with composition and optical properties that are not known in advance, through combined ultrasound/photoacoustic imaging during mechanical displacement of tissue.
Approach: Ultrasound/photoacoustic imaging was performed on a target embedded in biological media while applying tissue displacement to change the optical path.