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Motivated by improvements in diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) for nonergodic, highly optically scattering soft matter and by cursory treatment of collective scattering effects in prior DWS microrheology experiments, we investigate the low-frequency plateau elastic shear moduli [Formula: see text] of concentrated, monodisperse, disordered oil-in-water emulsions as droplets jam. In such experiments, the droplets play dual roles both as optical probes and as the jammed objects that impart shear elasticity. Here, we demonstrate that collective scattering significantly affects DWS mean-square displacements (MSDs) in dense colloidal emulsions. By measuring and analyzing the scattering mean free path as a function of droplet volume fraction φ, we obtain a φ-dependent average structure factor. We use this to correct DWS MSDs by up to a factor of 4 and then calculate [Formula: see text] predicted by the generalized Stokes-Einstein relation. We show that DWS-microrheological [Formula: see text] agrees well with mechanically measured [Formula: see text] over about three orders of magnitude when droplets are jammed but only weakly deformed. Moreover, both of these measurements are consistent with predictions of an entropic-electrostatic-interfacial (EEI) model, based on quasi-equilibrium free-energy minimization of disordered, screened-charge-stabilized, deformable droplets, which accurately describes prior mechanical measurements of [Formula: see text] made on similar disordered monodisperse emulsions over a wide range of droplet radii and φ. This very good quantitative agreement between DWS microrheology, mechanical rheometry, and the EEI model provides a comprehensive and self-consistent view of weakly jammed emulsions. Extensions of this approach may improve DWS microrheology on other systems of dense, jammed colloids that are highly scattering.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817029116 | DOI Listing |
In Silico Pharmacol
September 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea.
Unlabelled: Colon cancer accounts for the second leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. Since the metastasis contributes to its malignancy, targeting the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is critical for its therapy. Most research had focused on the native form of the structural ECM proteins, termed core matrisomes, to find out the relationship of the TME to colon cancer progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Phys B
September 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Unlabelled: In the framework of the Argon Power Cycle, millisecond-pulsed hydrogen gas injections into a high-pressure, room temperature nitrogen or argon ambient are investigated. Instantaneous Rayleigh scattering is used to quantify the hydrogen mole fraction in the ensuing jets. A readily available HDEV injector with a straight 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPestic Biochem Physiol
November 2025
National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai'an 271018, PR China. Electronic address: wj
Difenoconazole (DFC) is a commonly used triazole fungicide known for its high efficiency and environmental persistence. A thorough understanding of its environmental behavior, particularly sorption in soil, is critical to obtain a comprehensive assessment of the ecological risk of DFC. In this study, three soils with distinct physicochemical properties (brown soil, cinnamon soil, and fluvo-aquic soil) were used to elucidate the adsorption mechanisms of DFC on soil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
September 2025
Department of Civil and Architecture, School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan. Electronic address:
Ammonia (NH), a naturally occurring disinfectant in wastewater, plays an important role in inactivating pathogens, including viruses. Despite its importance in non-sewered sanitation systems, the inactivation rate constant attributed solely to ammonia ( [Formula: see text] ) remains unclear, owing to the diverse range of disinfection conditions in existing studies. Determining [Formula: see text] is critical for quantifying the contribution of ammonia to viral inactivation and distinguishing it from other environmental factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
The Rowland Institute at Harvard, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy has revolutionized structural biology and materials science. To image below liquid nitrogen temperatures, various liquid helium stages have been constructed but have proven to be complex and unstable, making high-resolution imaging challenging. This problem is even more pronounced in side-entry specimen holders common on modern transmission electron microscopes.
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