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The mode of delivery has been suggested to modulate the bacterial composition of breast milk but the impact of intrapartum antibiotic use on the milk microbiota is currently not known. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the mode of the delivery and intrapartum antibiotic administration on the microbial composition of breast milk. Breast milk samples were collected from 84 healthy mothers 1 month after the delivery. In total, 61 mothers had delivered vaginally, 23 of which had received intrapartum antibiotics, 13 women had delivered with non-elective cesarean section, 7 of which had received antibiotics, and 10 mothers had delivered with elective cesarean section without intrapartum antibiotic treatment. Both mode of delivery and intrapartum antibiotic exposure were significantly associated with changes in the milk microbial composition as assessed by analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) test ( = 0.001). The mode of delivery had a more profound effect on the milk microbiota composition as compared to intrapartum antibiotic exposure. Although the clinical significance of breast milk microbiota is currently poorly understood, this study shows that cesarean section delivery has an independent effect on breast milk microbiota composition. The dysbiosis observed in infants born by cesarean section delivery may be aggravated by the aberrant breast milk microbiota.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2019.00004 | DOI Listing |
Biotechnol Appl Biochem
September 2025
NICU, Shanxi Medical University 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan City, China.
A common problem among preterm newborns is extrauterine growth restriction, or EUGR. The Evidence-based Practice for Improving Quality (EPIQ) strategy aims to reduce EUGR and enhance growth outcomes in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The objective of this study is to assess whether implementing EPIQ-based quality improvement interventions is associated with reduced EUGR among preterm infants (< 34 weeks gestation) in a before-after observational study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Nutr
September 2025
Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), 91057 Evry, France. Electronic address:
Background: Breast milk represents the optimal feeding strategy for newborns, supporting not only nutrition but also the establishment of a unique microbiota. The bacterial composition and diversity of this microbiota are shaped by various maternal and infant-related factors.
Objectives: This single-center prospective study aimed to examine the breast milk microbiota and determine the maternal and infant-related factors influencing its composition and diversity over the time.
Phytomedicine
August 2025
Laboratory of Neurological Disease Modeling and Translational Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. Electronic address:
Background: Stress is a prevalent mental health concern that often emerges in late adolescence or early adulthood. Since 2007, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved any novel anxiolytic pharmaceuticals, leading to increased interest in nutritional supplements as alternative therapies for stress management.
Purpose: Building on our previous study, this work aims to investigate the synergistic effects of Theanine (Th) and Walnut Peptide (WP) on stress mitigation and cognitive enhancement.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
September 2025
Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
An adequate choline intake is essential for infant health. Choline profiles in human milk, critical for setting adequate intake levels and developing infant formulas, varied markedly across studies. This study aimed to systematically review and analyze choline concentrations and compositions in human milk and explore influencing factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Genet
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China. su
Systematic characterization of the molecular states of cells in livestock tissues is essential for understanding the cellular and genetic mechanisms underlying economically and ecologically important physiological traits. Here, as part of the Farm Animal Genotype-Tissue Expression (FarmGTEx) project, we describe a comprehensive reference map including 1,793,854 cells from 59 bovine tissues in calves and adult cattle, spanning both sexes, which reveals intra-tissue and inter-tissue cellular heterogeneity in gene expression, transcription factor regulation and intercellular communication. Integrative analysis with genetic variants that underpin bovine monogenic and complex traits uncovers cell types of relevance, such as spermatocytes, responsible for sperm motility and excitatory neurons for milk fat yield.
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