Article Synopsis
- The food system significantly contributes to climate change, land use changes, and environmental pollution, with projections indicating a potential 50-90% increase in its negative effects by 2050 due to population and income growth.
- Without technological advancements and dedicated efforts to address these issues, the environmental impact could exceed safe limits for humanity.
- A combination of strategies, including healthier plant-based diets, improved technologies, and reduced food waste, is necessary to effectively mitigate these projected environmental pressures.
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Article Abstract
The food system is a major driver of climate change, changes in land use, depletion of freshwater resources, and pollution of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems through excessive nitrogen and phosphorus inputs. Here we show that between 2010 and 2050, as a result of expected changes in population and income levels, the environmental effects of the food system could increase by 50-90% in the absence of technological changes and dedicated mitigation measures, reaching levels that are beyond the planetary boundaries that define a safe operating space for humanity. We analyse several options for reducing the environmental effects of the food system, including dietary changes towards healthier, more plant-based diets, improvements in technologies and management, and reductions in food loss and waste. We find that no single measure is enough to keep these effects within all planetary boundaries simultaneously, and that a synergistic combination of measures will be needed to sufficiently mitigate the projected increase in environmental pressures.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0594-0 | DOI Listing |
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