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We discuss the stability of an entire protein and the influence of main chains and side chains of individual amino acids to investigate the protein-folding mechanism. For this purpose, we calculated the solvation free-energy contribution of individual atoms using the three-dimensional reference interaction site model with the atomic decomposition method. We generated structures of chignolin miniprotein by a molecular dynamics simulation and classified them into six types: native 1, native 2, misfolded 1, misfolded 2, intermediate, and unfolded states. The total energies of the native (-171.1 kcal/mol) and misfolded (-171.2 kcal/mol) states were almost the same and lower than those of the intermediate (-158.5 kcal/mol) and unfolded (-148.1 kcal/mol) states; however, their components were different. In the native state, the side-chain interaction between Thr6 and Thr8 is important for the formation of π-turn. On the other hand, the hydrogen bonds between the atoms of the main chains in the misfolded state become stronger than those in the intermediate state.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b00288 | DOI Listing |
Am J Case Rep
September 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
BACKGROUND Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, but hypercoagulability, endothelial dysfunction, and stasis of blood present in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may also play a role in its pathogenesis. This report describes the case of a 70-year-old woman who presented with reduced vision in the right eye due to CRVO. CASE REPORT A 70-year-old woman with a history of smoking presented with decreased vision in the right eye.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCalcif Tissue Int
September 2025
FirmoLab, Fondazione F.I.R.M.O. Onlus and Stabilimento Chimico Farmaceutico Militare (SCFM), 50141, Florence, Italy.
X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare and progressive disease, due to inactivating mutations in the phosphate-regulating endopeptidase homolog X-linked (PHEX) gene. These pathogenic variants result in elevated circulating levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), responsible for the main clinical manifestations of XLH, such as hypophosphatemia, skeletal deformities, and mineralization defects. However, XLH also involves muscular disorders (muscle weakness, pain, reduced muscle density, peak strength, and power).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
November 2025
College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China. Electronic address:
Flammulina velutipes is a major edible fungus with abundant yield and mature industrial production technology. Its main functional component, Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide, has huge development and utilization value. In light of the current uncertainty regarding the mechanisms by which Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides prevent colonic cell pyroptosis, the mechanisms of ultrasound-extracted Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide (FVPU2) in inhibiting colonic cell pyroptosis in mice were investigated, and compared with Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide extracted via hot water extraction (FVPH2).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
November 2025
Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, PR China.
The poor foaming of egg yolks has long plagued the food industry. In this study, four egg yolk spheres (EYS) were prepared via acid- and alkaline pH-shift methods, and the main factors affecting the variation in their foaming capacity were determined. The tertiary structure of EYS under hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions unfolded in acidic shifts, exposing many functional groups, and refolded in basic shifts and exposed hydrophobic side chains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLOS Glob Public Health
September 2025
Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Built environment surveillance has shown promise for monitoring COVID-19 burden at granular geographic scales, but its utility for surveillance across larger areas and populations is unknown. Our study aims to evaluate the role of built environment detection of SARS-CoV-2 for the surveillance of COVID-19 across broad geographies and populations. We conducted a prospective city-wide sampling study to examine the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 on floors and COVID-19 burden.
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