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The search for selective C-H functionalisation has enabled some of the most elegant techniques in modern catalysis. Herein, we review the rapidly expanding field of ruthenium catalysed σ-activation as a tool in the selective meta-C-H functionalisation of arenes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00496f | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
August 2025
Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic.
In recent years, the catalytic activity of scandium triflate Sc(OTf) has attracted significant attention due to its robust Lewis acidity and the oxophilicity of Sc. These features have led to impressive progress in developing diverse organic reactions, including C-C bond formation. The Sc also facilitates single electron transfer in photoinduced reactions either by coordination to an organophotoredox catalyst, which modifies its redox reactivity, or by the formation of a scandium-superoxide anion complex after electron transfer from a light-absorbing redox-active compound.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Commun (Camb)
August 2025
Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
Transition-metal-catalysed direct C-H functionalisation has emerged as one of the most efficient molecular transformations, offering excellent atom and step economy. This methodology eliminates the need for pre-functionalisation of substrates, enabling the direct use of readily available starting materials, such as alkenes, to access valuable compounds. In particular, enantioselective variants of these reactions have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their utility in constructing complex molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBeilstein J Org Chem
July 2025
Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy.
The C2-amination of benzoxazole offers wide-ranging potential for substrate expansion and the functionalisation of bioactive compounds. This study presents a green and efficient C-H amination, catalysed by CuCl and CuCl, in acetonitrile without acidic, basic or oxidant additives that is accelerated by microwave (MW) irradiation and is completed in 1.5-2 h.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Enzyme Inhib Med Chem
December 2025
Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
Phenols are important structural elements of natural products and pharmaceuticals. Due to their versatile chemical transformability, phenols are frequently used building blocks in medicinal chemistry. Their aromatic nature allows directed C(sp)-H functionalisations, especially at the positions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Commun (Camb)
July 2025
Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Synthesis and Conversion, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
The direct C-H functionalisation of [2.2]paracyclophane (PCP) by forging diverse C-C bonds is appealing, yet has remained underexplored. Herein, we describe a copper-catalysed non-directed C-H arylation and alkenylation of PCP with various iodonium salts.
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