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Sensation seeking (SS) and impulse control (IC) are constructs at the core of dual systems models of adolescent risk taking. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, age-varying associations between SS and IC (predictors) and both any smoking in the previous 30 days and daily smoking (outcomes) were examined. The association between SS and both any smoking in the previous 30 days and daily smoking was strongest during adolescence. IC was consistently associated with any smoking in the previous 30 days and daily smoking, with the strongest association emerging during the mid-20s to early 30s. The results provide a nuanced perspective on when the components of dual systems models may be most related to smoking.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jora.12335 | DOI Listing |
Tob Control
September 2025
Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Background: As part of its COVID-19 response, South Africa banned tobacco sales between March and August 2020. We examined self-reported tobacco use before, during and after the ban among a rural South African population with high HIV prevalence.
Methods: Between May 2021 and November 2022, we conducted a telephonic survey on tobacco use among a purposively selected subset of a population-based cohort in rural KwaZulu-Natal.
Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been increasingly associated with heightened cardiovascular and thrombotic risk. This study aimed to evaluate hemostatic and metabolic profiles in women with GDM to explore early markers of vascular dysfunction. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM between December 2022 and October 2023 at multiple tertiary healthcare facilities in Pakistan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Clin Esp (Barc)
September 2025
Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain; Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría, Universidad de Cantabria, Instituto de Investigación de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Introduction: Aortic arch calcification (AAC) is an underestimated marker of cardiovascular risk, associated with a higher incidence of major cardiovascular events and mortality.
Materials And Methods: This retrospective, descriptive study included 292 patients admitted in May 2021 to the Internal Medicine Department of Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital. The presence of AAC was assessed via chest X-rays, alongside clinical data, risk factors, and previous and 12-month cardiovascular events.
Neurology
September 2025
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD.
Background And Objectives: Vascular risk factors (VRFs) such as smoking, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes are associated with dementia, but their importance in Parkinson disease (PD) and PD-dementia (PDD) is less well understood. Previous studies demonstrated that smoking may be protective of PD, but its role in PDD is unclear. The primary objective was to examine the association between midlife VRFs and the risk of developing PD and PDD in older adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
August 2025
Pharmacy Practice, Balaji Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Warangal, IND.
Introduction: Smoking induces oxidative stress and inflammation, which can impair insulin function and increase the risk of developing diabetes. Understanding this modifiable risk factor across diverse demographic and socioeconomic groups is essential for targeted public health interventions.
Aims: To assess the relationship between current smoking and self-reported diabetes and to analyze how this association varies across demographics and socioeconomic characteristics.