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Glycan or carbohydrate structures can be pictorially represented using symbolic nomenclatures. The symbol nomenclature for glycans (SNFG) contains 67 different monosaccharides represented using various colors and geometric shapes. A simple tool to convert International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) format text to SNFG will be useful for sketching glycans and glycopeptides. Such code can also enable the development of more sophisticated applications, where the visual representation of carbohydrate structures is necessary. To address this need, the current manuscript describes DrawGlycan-SNFG, a freely available, platform-independent, open-source tool. It allows: i. the display of glycans and glycopeptides from IUPAC-condensed text inputs and ii. the depiction of glycan and glycopeptide fragments. The online version of this program is provided with a user-friendly web interface at www.virtualglycome.org/DrawGlycan. Downloadable, stand-alone GUI (Graphical User Interface) version and the program source code are also available from this repository. DrawGlycan-SNFG will be useful for experimentalists looking for a ready to use, simple program for sketching carbohydrates and for software developers interested in incorporating SNFG into their program suite.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/glycob/cww115 | DOI Listing |
Elife
September 2025
Division of Intramural Research, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States.
Wnt proteins are critical signaling molecules in developmental processes across animals. Despite intense study, their evolutionary roots have remained enigmatic. Using sensitive sequence analysis and structure modeling, we establish that the Wnts are part of a vast assemblage of domains, the Lipocone superfamily, defined here for the first time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Sep Sci
September 2025
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Nifurtimox (NFX) is a chiral drug used for the treatment of Chagas Disease. Little attention has been paid to the enantioselective properties of chiral drugs used for neglected tropical diseases, highlighting the need for further studies in this area. In this work, the enantioselective properties of NFX were carefully investigated by HPLC using different chiral stationary phases (CSPs) and chromatographic modes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
September 2025
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by an invasive infection (SP-HUS) is a rare and severe disease that primarily affects children under two years of age. The pathophysiology of SP-HUS remains poorly understood, and treatment is largely supportive. Complement factor H (FH) is a key regulator of the alternative pathway of the complement system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch (Wash D C)
September 2025
Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
O-glycopeptides are highly expressed in various human cancers and play a key role in cancer progression and metastasis, making them promising biomarkers for early diagnostics. However, the inherent complexity and heterogeneity of glycans pose a major challenge for the simultaneous and precise analysis of multiple glycopeptides. Here, we developed a low-temperature nanopore technique capable of simultaneously discriminating 4 truncated O-glycopeptides with varied glycoforms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Bioanal Chem
September 2025
Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a slowly progressing form of diabetes that develops in adulthood, characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells and subsequent insulin deficiency, akin to type 1 diabetes (T1D). Due to its shared genetic, immunological, and metabolic features with both T1D and type 2 diabetes (T2D), LADA is frequently misdiagnosed and inappropriately treated as T2D. To address this, we developed the A.
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