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This study presents the first known detection of fission products commonly found in post-detonation nuclear debris samples using solid sample introduction and a uniquely coupled gas chromatography inductively-coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Rare earth oxides were chemically altered to incorporate a ligand that enhances the volatility of the samples. These samples were injected (as solids) into the aforementioned instrument and detected for the first time. Repeatable results indicate the validity of the methodology, and this capability, when refined, will prove to be a valuable asset for rapid post-detonation nuclear forensic analysis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-016-4920-4 | DOI Listing |
J Environ Radioact
April 2025
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
The ability to differentiate between atmospheric radionuclide signatures from underground nuclear explosions (UNEs) and signals from other sources, such as medical isotope-production facilities and nuclear reactors, can be critical to the detection and monitoring of unannounced, low-yield nuclear events. Signatures having anomalously high amplitudes, compared to background levels, remain the best indicator in screening for a UNE. However, isotopic composition can further validate a suspected UNE signature, but separation from any atmospheric background composition is first necessary.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTalanta
May 2025
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.
Inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) is an emerging technique for measuring actinide isotopes when assessing pre- and post-detonation nuclear material. In this study, ICP-MS/MS was investigated for direct Np and Pu quantitation in unseparated, dissolved bulk soil matrices. To achieve this, purified nitric oxide (NO) was investigated for the reactivity of Th, Np, U, Pu, Am, and Cm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
November 2024
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
The capability to predict size, composition, and transport of nuclear fallout enables public officials to determine immediate and prolonged guidance in the event of a nuclear incident. Predictive computer models of fallout can also provide useful insight for nuclear forensic response when detailed radiochemical processes can be reliably included. Current post-detonation nuclear fallout models prescribe particle size distributions empirically or semi-empirically, based on measurements across limited conditions pertaining to tests conducted primarily in Nevada and the Pacific.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chromatogr A
July 2024
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, USA.
Post-detonation nuclear forensics capabilities depend on the ability to rapidly isolate radionuclides to improve measurement quality. In this work an extraction chromatography resin was developed utilizing thenoyltrifluoroacetone and 1-octanol supported on Eichrom prefilter resin. The resin was tested in nitric and hydrochloric acid matrices.
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August 2024
Nuclear and Radiochemistry (C-NR), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop J-514, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA. Electronic address:
Quantifying Cu in post-detonation nuclear debris samples can provide important diagnostic information regarding the structural materials used within a nuclear device. However, this task is challenging due to the weak gamma emissions associated with the decay of Cu, its short half-life (12.701 h), and the presence of interfering fission product radioisotopes.
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