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Artificial cells are best defined as micrometre-sized structures able to mimic many of the morphological and functional characteristics of a living cell. In this mini-review, we describe progress in the application of droplet-based microfluidics for the generation of artificial cells and protocells.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4918832 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2016.0011 | DOI Listing |
An integrated approach is proposed to rapidly evaluate the effects of anticancer treatments in 3D models, combining a droplet-based microfluidic platform for spheroid formation and single-spheroid chemotherapy application, label-free morphological analysis, and machine learning to assess treatment response. Morphological features of spheroids, such as size and color intensity, are extracted and selected using the multivariate information-based inductive causation algorithm, and used to train a neural network for spheroid classification into viability classes, derived from metabolic assays performed within the same platform as a benchmark. The model is tested on Ewing sarcoma cell lines and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) cells, demonstrating robust performance across datasets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiosens Bioelectron
August 2025
Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China; Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 1
The escalating threat of antimicrobial resistance is exacerbated by delayed diagnostics and improper antibiotics use, underscoring an urgent demand for rapid, versatile AST tools to support evidence-based prescribing. In this study, we present an innovative, generalizable phenotypic AST approach by quantifying bacterial gDNA copy number variations (CNVs) following 0.5-h-brief culturing with antibiotic exposure, termed spatially encapsulated emulsions (SEE)-phAST.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Today Bio
October 2025
Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600, MB, the Netherlands.
Compared to bulk hydrogels, microgels offer distinct advantages for biomedical applications. Their increased modularity and heterogeneity compared to hydrogels, combined with their small size and reversible dynamic bonding, enhance their suitability for minimally invasive cell delivery. Additionally, microgels offer greater control over porosity, resulting in the formation of intricate porous microstructures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall Methods
September 2025
School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.
Droplet generation has been utilized in various applications, including drug delivery, the fabrication of functional particles, and material synthesis. Achieving the goals of these applications requires droplet generation of a desired size. Microfluidic droplet generation offers precise control of droplet dimensions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
August 2025
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China.
Recent advances in microfluidic technology have positioned droplet-based systems as versatile microreactors, leveraging their unique interfacial dynamics and mass transfer properties. While precise manipulation of gas-liquid interfaces or external fields enables controlled chemical reactions and drug synthesis, escalating system complexity demands enhanced regulation of droplet thermodynamics and kinetics. The Leidenfrost phenomenon demonstrates significant engineering potential through its capacity to spontaneously form vapor lubrication layers, facilitating noncontact suspension and controlled evaporation of droplets.
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