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The aim of the present study was to identify preoperative clinical predictors for difficult laryngeal exposure (DLE) and to define a simple grading system for laryngeal exposure. This is a prospective descriptive study carried out in a tertiary teaching hospital in South India. Patients above 18 years undergoing microlaryngoscopy had presurgical evaluation of 11 physical parameters. Grading of Modified Cormack-Lehane Score (MCLS) and rigid laryngoscopy were done during procedure. On logistic regression analysis, with a 95 % confidence interval (CI) MCLS was found to be a statistically significant predictor (odds ratio 12). With 90 % CI, neck circumference, atlanto-occipital extension and MCLS were significant (odds ratio of 4, 4, 12 respectively). Neck circumference of more than 34.25 cm and limited atlanto-occipital extension of less than 19.50, predicts difficult laryngeal exposure. A simple grading system for laryngeal exposure during microlaryngoscopy is being proposed. MCLS grade more than 2a done intra operatively correlates well with difficult intubation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12070-015-0913-9 | DOI Listing |
Gut Liver
September 2025
Department of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
The Lyon Consensus 2.0, published in 2023, provides an updated diagnostic framework for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), emphasizing objective physiological testing and introducing the concept of "actionable GERD" to guide individualized therapy. This review evaluates the clinical applicability of this framework in Asia, where normative values require regional adaptation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Otolaryngol
September 2025
Faculty of Health Sciences, Joyce & Irving Goldman Medical School at Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel.
Objective: To evaluate the prognostic significance of preoperative inflammatory markers including platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) undergoing total laryngectomy (TL).
Methods: Patients were stratified by preoperative inflammatory markers: NLR > 3, PLR > 109.54, and AGR < 1.
Laryngoscope
September 2025
Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Objective: The laryngeal epithelium contains a basal cell (BC) layer. The BC layer is a reservoir of progenitor cells necessary for the formation and regeneration of the epithelium. The epithelium is susceptible to the deposition of inhaled irritants such as cigarette smoke (CS) and electronic cigarette (E-Cig) aerosol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostics (Basel)
August 2025
Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya 42090, Turkey.
: This retrospective study aimed to assess the prevalence and distribution of common soft tissue ossifications and calcifications in the head and neck area, such as tonsilloliths, calcified lymph nodes, atherosclerotic plaques, stylohyoid ligament calcifications, and laryngeal cartilage calcifications, using panoramic radiographs (PRs) from a Turkish population. A secondary objective was to analyze these findings based on age and gender, ultimately seeking to enhance clinicians' awareness of these incidental findings and their potential diagnostic significance. : PRs of 1207 patients applying to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology at Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Dentistry between 2021 and 2022 were reviewed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Cancer
August 2025
Department of Laryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland. Electronic address:
Introduction: Laryngeal cancer (LC) remains a major public health concern, associated with considerable morbidity and high mortality. Although incidence has historically declined, mortality reduction has been limited, suggesting underlying disparities in disease management. Thus, long-term trends in LC incidence and mortality, stratified by age, sex, regional affluence, and environmental pollution are of importance.
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