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Innate pluripotency of mouse embryos transits from naive to primed state as the inner cell mass differentiates into epiblast. In vitro, their counterparts are embryonic (ESCs) and epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs), respectively. Activation of the FGF signaling cascade results in mouse ESCs differentiating into mEpiSCs, indicative of its requirement in the shift between these states. However, only mouse ESCs correspond to the naive state; ESCs from other mammals and from chick show primed state characteristics. Thus, the significance of the naive state is unclear. In this study, we use zebra finch as a model for comparative ESC studies. The finch blastoderm has mESC-like properties, while chick blastoderm exhibits EpiSC features. In the absence of FGF signaling, finch cells retained expression of pluripotent markers, which were lost in cells from chick or aged finch epiblasts. Our data suggest that the naive state of pluripotency is evolutionarily conserved among amniotes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.07178 | DOI Listing |
J Sci Med Sport
August 2025
Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Australia; Eastern Health Emergency Medicine Program, Australia. Electronic address:
Objectives: To explore differences in beliefs towards running in adults with and without chronic low back pain.
Design: This convergent mixed methods cross-sectional study compared adults with chronic low back pain (n = 39) to pain-free adults with a history of chronic low back pain (n = 28) and a low back pain naive control group (n = 71).
Methods: Beliefs towards running (activity specific beliefs questionnaire; range: 1-4 points), pain intensity (101-point visual analogue scale), disability (Oswestry Disability Index), and habitual physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) were analysed.
Exp Eye Res
September 2025
Cornea, Cataract and Refractive Surgery Unit, Vissum (Miranza Group), Alicante, Spain; Division of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain. Electronic address:
Corneal opacity remains a leading cause of global blindness, yet conventional corneal transplantation is constrained by donor scarcity, surgical limitations, and suboptimal long-term outcomes. In response, regenerative strategies are advancing to restore structural and functional integrity across all three corneal layers-epithelium, stroma, and endothelium-through cell-based and bioengineered therapies. Among these, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have emerged as a versatile and scalable source capable of generating corneal-like cells under defined, xeno-free conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Comput Biol
September 2025
Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.
Gene signatures predictive of chemotherapeutic response have the potential to extend the reach of precision medicine by allowing oncologists to optimize treatment for individuals. Most published predictive signatures are only capable of predicting response for individual drugs, but most chemotherapy regimens utilize combinations of different agents. We propose a unified framework, called the chemogram, that uses predictive signatures to rank the relative predicted sensitivity of different drugs for individual tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Oncol Pharm Pract
September 2025
Hematology/Oncology, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, USA.
IntroductionDaratumumab is a therapeutic cornerstone of the management of multiple myeloma, exerting its anti-myeloma activity through targeting of the cell surface glycoprotein CD38 on plasma cells. While originally given intravenously, the subcutaneous formulation, daratumumab hyaluronidase injection (Dara SC), has been associated with non-inferior efficacy and lower infusion-related reaction rates (IRRs) in the treatment of multiple myeloma and light chain amyloidosis. A noted benefit of Dara SC is a short administration time; however, the optimal observation time post injection to ensure patient safety is unclear from the drug labeling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Magn Reson Imaging
September 2025
School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing and Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Medical Imaging and Diagnostic Technology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Background: The dynamic progression of gray matter (GM) microstructural alterations following radiotherapy (RT) in patients, and the relationship between these microstructural abnormalities and cortical morphometric changes remains unclear.
Purpose: To longitudinally characterize RT-related GM microstructural changes and assess their potential causal links with classic morphometric alterations in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
Study Type: Prospective, longitudinal.