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http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.4109 | DOI Listing |
Cereb Cortex
August 2025
Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan.
This study aimed to identify brain activity modulations associated with different types of visual tracking using advanced functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques developed by the Human Connectome Project (HCP) consortium. Magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from 27 healthy volunteers using a 3-T scanner. During a single run, participants either fixated on a stationary visual target (fixation block) or tracked a smoothly moving or jumping target (smooth or saccadic tracking blocks), alternating across blocks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetologia
September 2025
Department of Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
This review article, developed by the EASD Global Council, addresses the growing global challenges in diabetes research and care, highlighting the rising prevalence of diabetes, the increasing complexity of its management and the need for a coordinated international response. With regard to research, disparities in funding and infrastructure between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are discussed. The under-representation of LMIC populations in clinical trials, challenges in conducting large-scale research projects, and the ethical and legal complexities of artificial intelligence integration are also considered as specific issues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
August 2025
Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Background: Increasing evidence suggests a potential role of the gut microbiota in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the relationship between the gut microbiome (GM) and PD dementia (PDD) remains debated, with their causal effects and underlying mechanisms not yet fully understood.
Methods: Utilizing data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs), this study applied bidirectional and mediating Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship and underlying mechanisms between the GM and PDD.
Front Genet
August 2025
Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
Background And Objective: Parental chromosomal structural variations (SVs) represent a primary genetic factor contributing to recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Individuals carrying SVs with complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCRs) typically exhibit a normal phenotype but are at an increased risk of miscarriage. Current standard clinical detection methods are insufficient for the identification and interpretation of all SV types, particularly complex and occult SVs, thereby presenting a significant challenge for clinical genetic counseling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Aging
September 2025
Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
Beyond their classical functions as redox cofactors, recent fundamental and clinical research has expanded our understanding of the diverse roles of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) in signaling pathways, epigenetic regulation and energy homeostasis. Moreover, NAD and NADP influence numerous diseases as well as the processes of aging, and are emerging as targets for clinical intervention. Here, we summarize safety, bioavailability and efficacy data from NAD-related clinical trials, focusing on aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF