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An exonic missense mutation, c.436C>G, in the PLP1 gene of a patient affected by the hypomyelinating leukodystrophy, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, has previously been found to be responsible for the alteration of the canonical alternative splicing profile of the PLP1 gene leading to the loss of the longer PLP isoform. Here we show that the presence of the c.436C>G mutation served to introduce regulatory motifs that appear to be responsible for the perturbed splicing pattern that led to loss of the major PLP transcript. With the aim of disrupting the interaction between the PLP1 splicing regulatory motifs and their cognate splicing factors, we designed an antisense oligonucleotide-based in vitro correction protocol that successfully restored PLP transcript production in oligodendrocyte precursor cells.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3760819 | PMC |
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0073633 | PLOS |
Brain Dev
September 2025
Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Japan.
Hypomyelinating leukodystrophies (HLDs) are a group of inherited disorders characterized by impaired myelin formation in the central nervous system. Among them, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) is a well-defined X-linked leukodystrophy caused by mutations in the PLP1 gene, including duplications, missense variants, and null mutations. Recent studies have revealed that different types of PLP1 mutations lead to distinct pathomechanisms: while missense mutations induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and activate the unfolded protein response (UPR), PLP1 duplications cause aberrant intracellular trafficking and cholesterol accumulation without UPR activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome Med
August 2025
Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) collectively represent the majority of dementia cases worldwide. While these subtypes share clinical, genetic, and pathological features, their transcriptomic similarities and differences remain poorly understood.
Methods: We applied single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) to prefrontal cortex samples from individuals with non-cognitive impairment control (NCI), and dementia subtypes (AD, DLB, and PDD) to investigate cell type-specific gene expression patterns and pathways underlying pathological similarities and differences across dementia subtypes.
Cells
July 2025
Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
Parkinson's disease (PD) involves progressive dopaminergic neuron degeneration and motor deficits. Oligodendrocyte dysfunction contributes to PD pathogenesis through impaired myelination. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) of PD mice revealed compromised oligodendrocyte differentiation and downregulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Neurosci
July 2025
Division of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
The NF-κB signaling pathway responds to a diverse range of cytokines and extracellular stresses, regulating immune responses, inflammation, cell proliferation, and cell death. However, the requirement of NF-κB in oligodendrocyte development and differentiation remains debatable. In this study, we generated conditional knockout mice of the gene in the oligodendrocyte-lineage cells, which encodes a major subunit of NF-κB, and assessed its impact on oligodendrocyte differentiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Neurobiol
June 2025
National Scientific and Technical Research Council. Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini Institute of Biological Chemistry and Physicochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, C1113, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Synthesized by oligodendrocytes (OLGs) in the central nervous system (CNS), the myelin sheath is a multilamellar structure that enables the rapid transmission of action potentials and provides metabolic support to the axons it surrounds. In multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic neurological disorder, the myelin membrane becomes the target of immune-mediated attacks. These attacks trigger the release of inflammatory cytokines and activate microglia (MG) and astrocytes, leading to severe demyelination and neurodegeneration.
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