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The nonlinear interaction of an ultraintense short laser beam and an inhomogeneous electron-positron-ion (EPI) plasma is investigated. It is found that the presence of positrons and inhomogeneity results in strong modulational and filamentational instabilities, which induce strong nonlinear interactions between the laser beam and the inhomogeneous EPI plasma. Light beam focusing, filamentation, trapping, and nonlinear interaction between the trapped light spots and the inhomogeneous plasma are observed. Interestingly, we find that the inhomogeneity of the plasma can not only boost a mechanism for light beam self-focusing and filamentation but also provide an effective way to localize and trap the beam in the region one wanted.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.87.025101 | DOI Listing |
Light Sci Appl
September 2025
Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.
Photon upconversion through high harmonic generation, multiphoton absorption, Auger recombination and phonon scattering performs a vital role in energy conversion and renormalization. Considering the reduced dielectric screening and enhanced Coulomb interactions, semiconductor monolayers provide a promising platform to explore photon upconversion at room temperature. Additionally, two-photon upconversion was recently demonstrated as an emerging technique to probe the excitonic dark states due to the extraordinary selection rule compared with conventional excitation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerfusion
September 2025
Cardiac Surgery Department, Bristol Royal Children's Hospital, Bristol, UK.
BackgroundDuring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), goal-directed perfusion (GDP) seeks to match oxygen delivery to metabolic demand, but the dynamics of oxygen extraction and intraoperative oxygen demand remain poorly understood, especially in paediatric populations. Existing models rely on limited data and assume, for example, a linear relationship between log oxygen demand and temperature.MethodsWe developed GARIX (Global AutoRegressive Integrated model with eXogenous variables and an equilibrium force) to predict minute-by-minute changes in oxygen extraction ratio (OER) using high-resolution intraoperative data.
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September 2025
School of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China. Electronic address:
Genomic selection (GS) is a breeding technique that utilizes genomic markers to predict the genetic potential of crops and animals. This approach holds significant promise for accelerating the improvement of agronomic traits and addressing food security challenges. While traditional breeding methods based on statistical or machine learning techniques have been useful in predicting traits for some crops, they often fail to capture the complex interactions between genotypes and phenotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
August 2025
Gran Sasso Science Institute, The University of Edinburgh, School of Mathematics, Edinburgh EH93FD, United Kingdom and School of Mathematics, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
Multilayer networks provide a powerful framework for modeling complex systems that capture different types of interactions between the same set of entities across multiple layers. Core-periphery detection involves partitioning the nodes of a network into core nodes, which are highly connected across the network, and peripheral nodes, which are densely connected to the core but sparsely connected among themselves. In this paper, we propose a new model of core-periphery structure in multilayer networks and a nonlinear spectral method that simultaneously detects the corresponding core and periphery structures of both nodes and layers in weighted and directed multilayer networks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
Polar protic and aprotic solvents can effectively simulate the maturation of breast carcinoma cells. Herein, the influence of polar protic solvents (water and ethanol) and aprotic solvents (acetone and DMSO) on the properties of 3-(dimethylaminomethyl)-5-nitroindole (DAMNI) was investigated using density functional theory (DFT) computations. Thermodynamic parameters retrieved from the vibrational analysis indicated that the DAMNI's entropy, heat capacity, and enthalpy increased with rising temperature.
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