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A recombination rate of electron-ion in the strong-field atomic process is phenomenologically introduced into the ionization rate equation, and therefrom an ionization and recombination rates equation (IRRE) is obtained. By using the extended IRRE, the propagation equation of an intense femtosecond laser pulse in the gaseous medium is re-derived. Some new physical behaviors and characteristics caused by the introduced recombination rate are discussed in detail.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.005413 | DOI Listing |
Magn Reson Med
September 2025
Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Purpose: Tracer kinetic models are used in arterial spin labeling (ASL); however, deciding which model parameters to fix or fit is not always trivial. The identifiability of the resultant system of equations is useful to consider, since it will likely impact parameter uncertainty. Here, we analyze the identifiability of two-compartment models used in multi-echo (ME) blood-brain-barrier (BBB)-ASL and evaluate the reliability of the fitted water-transfer rate ).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNurs Open
September 2025
Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Aims: To find out how Kenyan nurses rate their organisational culture, determine their level of job satisfaction, and organisational culture predictors of job satisfaction.
Design: A cross-sectional online survey.
Methodology: A total of 300 nurses across Kenya were invited to participate in this study.
J Math Biol
September 2025
Department of Mathematics, Texas A&M University, Mailstop 3368, College Station, TX, 77843-3368, United States.
We study how environmental stochasticity influences the long-term population size in certain one- and two-species models. The difficulty is that even when one can prove that there is coexistence, it is usually impossible to say anything about the invariant probability measure which describes the coexisting species. We are able to circumvent this problem for some important ecological models by noticing that the per-capita growth rates at stationarity are zero, something which can sometimes yield information about the invariant probability measure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Math Biol
September 2025
School of Mathematical Sciences and Institute of Natural Sciences, MOE-LSC, CMA-Shanghai, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
It has been noticed that when the waiting time distribution exhibits a transition from an intermediate time power-law decay to a long-time exponential decay in the continuous time random walk model, a transition from anomalous diffusion to normal diffusion can be observed at the population level. However, the mechanism behind the transition of waiting time distribution is rarely studied. In this paper, we provide one possible mechanism to explain the origin of such a transition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Safety Res
September 2025
Operations Analysis and Essential Data, TriMet, United States.
Unlabelled: Recent research highlights significant shifts in travel patterns, traffic volumes, and safety measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Early findings suggest a nationwide decrease in crashes (22.0%) and injuries (16.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF