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Increasing the blood's capacity for oxygen transport by erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) constitutes a prohibited procedure of performance enhancement according to the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). The advent of orally bio-available small-molecule ESAs such as hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) stabilizers in the development of novel anti-anaemia therapies expands the list of potential ESA doping techniques. Here, the erythropoiesis-stimulating properties and doping relevance of experimental HIF-stabilizers, such as cobaltous chloride, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid or GSK360A, amongst others, are discussed. The stage of clinical trials is reviewed for the anti-anaemia drug candidates FG-2216, FG-4592, GSK1278863, AKB-6548, and BAY85-3934. Currently available methods and strategies for the determination of selected HIF stabilizers in sports drug testing are based on liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). For the support of further analytical assay development, patents claiming distinct compounds for the use in HIF-mediated therapies are evaluated and exemplary molecular structures of HIF stabilizers presented. Moreover, data concerning the erythropoiesis-enhancing effects of the GATA inhibitors K7174 and K11706 as well as the lipidic small-molecule ESA PBI-1402 are elucidated the context of doping analysis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dta.390 | DOI Listing |
Brain Res
September 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address:
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a rapidly progressing brain malignancy, with its progression closely tied to a hypoxic microenvironment. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) acts as a vital regulator in tumor adaptation to low oxygen levels, and its relationship with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway exerts significant functions in the malignant properties of GBM. In this research, Western blot and qRT-PCR were applied to check β-catenin and HIF-1α expression in GBM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Labelled Comp Radiopharm
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Research, Investigation and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Departmen
A peptide-based, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1α) specific PET tracer for tumor hypoxia imaging is reported. It was prepared with a rapid AlF labeling method with high stability. AlF-CLLFVY specifically binds to HIF-1α with high affinity and shows higher uptake in cells under hypoxia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Res
September 2025
Dentistry School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
NUTM2A-AS1 is an emerging long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that has garnered significant attention due to its multifaceted roles in cancer biology. As a member of the ceRNA network, NUTM2A-AS1 modulates gene expression by sequestering microRNAs, thereby influencing key oncogenic pathways. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of NUTM2A-AS1 in the development, progression, and metastasis of various cancers, including gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, neuroblastoma, colorectal cancer, glioma, lung adenocarcinoma, prostate cancer, and renal cell carcinoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Today Bio
October 2025
Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Cartilage defects, whether congenital or acquired, are highly prevalent in clinical practice. Tissue engineering offers a promising strategy for cartilage regeneration; however, the loss of chondrocyte phenotype during expansion remains a major barrier to the clinical translation of chondrocyte-based engineered cartilage. Emerging evidence has highlighted that alterations in chondrocyte metabolic states can profoundly impact their phenotypic stability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol Rep
September 2025
Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
Hypoxia is an inadequate oxygen supply to the tissues, which hinders the brain's ability to produce energy and causes unconsciousness, followed by death in a matter of minutes. Upon detecting oxygen deprivation, the body initiates a cardiorespiratory response that includes increased lung ventilation, vasoconstriction, and an increased heart rate to improve oxygen supply. Moreover, during hypoxia, there is stabilization of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), including HIF-1α and HIF-2α, where HIF-1α predominantly regulates genes involved in metabolic reprogramming and immediate stress response, and HIF-2α is engaged in sustaining vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and erythropoietin (EPO) gene expression.
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