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Ribavirin remains today a pivotal drug in the treatment of hepatitis C; in standard double therapy, as well as in triple combination with direct antiviral agents, ribavirin reduces relapse and can double the sustained virological response obtained with peginterferon alone or in association with direct antiviral agents. In the complex network of interacting factors determining sustained virological response independently of known predictive factors related to host and virus, two modern tools are emerging: polymorphisms in the IL28B gene and very early exposure to ribavirin. The use of a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model of early ribavirin exposure to adjust the dose individually would help promote a safer ribavirin use and improve sustained virological response. The variability of the influence of ribavirin exposure on anaemia is probably genetically determined; however, the low prevalence of the implicated protective alleles of the inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase gene could explain their lack of influence on sustained virological response.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2011.04.002 | DOI Listing |
Influenza Other Respir Viruses
September 2025
Department of Respiratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the leading causes of severe respiratory diseases in children, especially in infants. The immune responses induced by RSV infection are a fairly complex process that can contribute significantly to disease severity. Despite decades of research on RSV, many immune mechanisms remain to be explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
September 2025
Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive type of lung cancer, characterized by rapid proliferation, early metastatic spread, frequent early relapse and a high mortality rate. Recent evidence has suggested that innervation has an important role in the development and progression of several types of cancer. Cancer-to-neuron synapses have been reported in gliomas, but whether peripheral tumours can form such structures is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
September 2025
The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
Influenza A viruses remain a global health threat, yet no universal antibody therapy exists. Clinical programs have centered on neutralizing mAbs, only to be thwarted by strain specificity and rapid viral escape. We instead engineered three non-neutralizing IgG2a mAbs that target distinct, overlapping epitopes within the conserved N terminus of the M2 ectodomain (M2e).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Ther Methods Clin Dev
June 2025
Université Paris-Saclay, University Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare Research Unit UMR_S951, 91000 Evry, France.
Pompe disease is a glycogen storage disorder caused by mutations in the acid α-glucosidase (GAA) gene, leading to reduced GAA activity and glycogen accumulation in heart and skeletal muscles. Enzyme replacement therapy with recombinant GAA, the standard of care for Pompe disease, is limited by poor skeletal muscle distribution and immune responses after repeated administrations. The expression of GAA in muscle with adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors has shown limitations, mainly the low targeting efficiency and immune responses to the transgene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
September 2025
National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), a critical pathogen in the global livestock industry, has long been a focal point of international disease control strategies. This study developed a nanoparticle-based FMDV vaccine platform. We fused the FMDV immunodominant epitope (VP1-G-H-loop) and T-cell epitope (T) with the nanoparticle scaffold (LS), efficiently producing the T-LS-LOOP nanoparticle vaccine using the prokaryotic expression system (BL21).
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