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Stray neutrons generated in passively scattered proton therapy are of concern because they increase the risk that a patient will develop a second cancer. Several investigations characterized stray neutrons in proton therapy using experimental measurements and Monte Carlo simulations, but capabilities of analytical methods to predict neutron exposures are less well developed. The goal of this study was to develop a new analytical model to calculate neutron ambient dose equivalent in air and equivalent dose in phantom based on Monte Carlo modeling of a passively scattered proton therapy unit. The accuracy of the new analytical model is superior to a previous analytical model and comparable to the accuracy of typical Monte Carlo simulations and measurements. Predictions from the new analytical model agreed reasonably well with corresponding values predicted by a Monte Carlo code using an anthropomorphic phantom.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/55/23/S01 | DOI Listing |
Health Phys
September 2025
Nuclear and Radiological Engineering and Medical Physics Programs, George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA.
External exposure due to secondary photons (predominantly bremsstrahlung) generated from electron source emissions in environmental soil are of concern due to their ability to deposit significant amounts of ionizing energy to organs and tissues within the body. The "condensed history method" employed in many modern Monte Carlo (MC) codes may be used to simulate secondary photon yields (given as photons per beta decay) arising from electron source emissions with relatively few assumptions regarding the secondary photon spatial, energy, and angular dependencies. These yields may in turn be used to derive protection quantities such as secondary photon effective dose rate (DR) and risk coefficients for a variety of idealized external exposure scenarios.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Healthc Sci Humanit
January 2024
Formerly Associate Professor of Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, Department of Pathobiology/Department of Graduate Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Phone: (334) 524-1988, Email:
The COVID-19 pandemic is a highly infectious disease of paramount public health importance. COVID-19 is mainly transmitted via human-to-human contact. This could be through self-inoculation resulting from failure to observe proper hand hygiene and infection control practices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Phys
September 2025
Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
Background: Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) enhances material differentiation by leveraging energy-dependent attenuation properties particularly for carbon ion therapy. Accurate estimation of tissue elemental composition via DECT can improve quantification of physical and biological doses.
Objective: This study proposed a novel machine-learning-based DECT (ML-DECT) method to predict the physical density and mass ratios of H, C, N, O, P, and Ca.
Med Phys
September 2025
Medical Physics Unit, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Background: Se ( 120 days, 215 keV) offers advantages over Ir ( 74 days, 360 keV) as a high dose rate brachytherapy source due to its lower gamma energy and longer half-life. Despite its widespread use in industrial gamma radiography, a Se brachytherapy source has yet to be manufactured.
Purpose: A novel Se-based source design with a vanadium diselenide core, titled the SeCure source, was proposed.
Solid State Nucl Magn Reson
August 2025
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA; National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA. Electronic address:
Quadrupolar NMR crystallography guided crystal structure prediction (QNMRX-CSP) is a method for determining the crystal structures of organic solids. To date, our two previous QNMRX-CSP studies have relied upon on Cl solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Monte-Carlo simulated annealing (MC-SA), and dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT-D2∗) calculations for the determination of crystal structures for organic HCl salts with known crystal structures, in order to benchmark the method and subject it to blind tests. Herein, we apply QNMRX-CSP for the de novo crystal structure determination of L-alaninamide HCl (L-Ala-NH), for which no crystal structure has been reported, using Cl SSNMR and PXRD data for structural prediction and refinement, along with C and N SSNMR data for subsequent structural validation.
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