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In Alzheimer disease, CSF biomarkers and nuclear imaging are of particular interest. Many studies investigated only one technique, limiting comparison. Here, in 76 patients blinded 99mTc-SPECT was compared to CSF. Sensitivity of CSF was 92%; and 51% for SPECT. Specificity favored SPECT (90 vs. 80%). Both techniques showed no coherence (p = 0.17-0.47). Our results confirm that CSF biomarkers show higher sensitivity. SPECT has higher specificity and can also be used for other dementias without established CSF biomarkers.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00702-010-0459-7 | DOI Listing |
Pharmacol Res
September 2025
University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vienna, Austria. Electronic address:
Hemorrhagic stroke occurs due to a rupture of a blood vessel in the brain. This leads to initial mechanical damage at the site of injury and secondary injuries including axonal degeneration (AxD). Since axons are critical for all brain functions, we systematically reviewed studies that focused on axonal degeneration in two major types of hemorrhagic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage, to understand how and to what extent AxD develops and to interrogate underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOcul Immunol Inflamm
September 2025
Division of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Purpose: To describe differences in the expression of selected host biomarkers, by analysing the aqueous humour (AH), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of patients with ocular syphilis, both with and without neurosyphilis and HIV infection, to support the diagnosis of ocular syphilis.
Methods: A prospective observational descriptive study was conducted at Tygerberg Academic Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa, from February 1, 2018, to January 31, 2021. The study included all patients aged 18 years or older who presented to the eye clinic with ocular syphilis, provided they had a positive serum Treponema pallidum antibodies (TPA) test, an RPR titre of ≥ 8 and confirmed ocular inflammation.
J Alzheimers Dis
September 2025
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psychiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Roma, Italy.
BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder. While AD diagnosis traditionally relies on clinical criteria, recent trends favor a precise biological definition. Existing biomarkers efficiently detect AD pathology but inadequately reflect the extent of cognitive impairment or disease heterogeneity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Psychiatry
September 2025
Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville.
Importance: Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), the most common subtype of FTD, is a leading form of early-onset dementia worldwide. Accurate and timely diagnosis of bvFTD is frequently delayed due to symptoms overlapping with common psychiatric disorders, and interest has increased in identifying biomarkers that may aid in differentiating bvFTD from psychiatric disorders.
Objective: To summarize and critically review studies examining whether neurofilament light chain (NfL) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or blood is a viable aid in the differential diagnosis of bvFTD vs psychiatric disorders.
Int J Surg
September 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
Background: As a common postoperative neurological complication, postoperative delirium (POD) can lead to poor postoperative recovery in patients, prolonged hospitalization, and even increased mortality. However, POD's mechanism remains undefined and there are no reliable molecular markers of POD to date. The present work examined the associations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sTREM2 with CSF POD biomarkers, and investigated whether the effects of CSF sTREM2 on POD were modulated by the core pathological indexes of POD (Aβ42, tau, and ptau).
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