Category Ranking
98%
Total Visits
921
Avg Visit Duration
2 minutes
Citations
20
Article Abstract
PSK-alpha is a disulfated peptide that acts as a growth factor in plants. PSK-alpha is derived from preproproteins which are encoded by five PSK precursor genes in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh and is perceived by leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases. Arabidopsis has two PSK receptor genes, PSKR1 and PSKR2. Although ligand and receptor are well characterized, the biological functions of PSK signaling are not well understood. Using reporter lines and receptor knockout mutants of Arabidopsis, a role for PSK signaling in biotic interactions and in wounding was analyzed. Treatment of Arabidopsis leaves with the fungal elicitor E-Fol, or the fungal pathogens Alternaria brassicicola and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum resulted in induction of PSK2 and PSKR1 as shown by promoter:GUS analysis. Wounding of hypocotyls or leaves induced PSK3:GUS, PSK5:GUS and PSKR1:GUS expression indicating that PSK precursor genes are differentially regulated in response to specific stresses. The receptor knockout lines pskr1-3 and pskr2-1 showed significantly reduced photosynthesis in response to the fungal elicitor E-Fol which indicates that fungal defence is impaired. pskr1-3 plants further showed reduced growth of crown galls after infection with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. A role for PSK signaling in Agrobacterium tumefaciens tumor growth was supported by the finding that PSK precursor genes and PSKR1 are expressed in crown galls. Overall, the results indicate that PSK signaling may play a previously undescribed role in pathogen or herbivore interactions and is crucial for Agrobacterium-induced cell proliferation in crown gall formation.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.2010.01371.x | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The photonic firewall is a device that detects and localizes risky information at the optical layer to enhance the security of optical networks. The most significant and challenging component of the photonic firewall is the all-optical pattern matching system, which determines its overall performance. In response to the explosion of data volume, it is crucial to develop reconfigurable all-optical pattern matching systems capable of handling signals in arbitrary high-order modulation formats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCognitive link adaptation via modulation scheme classification in narrowband networks under AWGN and SUI channel conditions.
Sci Rep
July 2025
College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
The demand for faster data transfer rates rises along with the number of mobile devices, such as smartphones and IoT gadgets, which makes the radio spectrum more crowded. The forthcoming 5G wireless communication technology seeks to significantly enhance data speeds and spectrum efficiency by dynamically adjusting to fluctuating channel conditions. This research presents a new approach in the form of a hierarchical machine learning system for automation of modulation classification and adaptive parameter selection that optimizes spectral efficiency for different communication channels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep learning for enhancing automatic classification of M-PSK and M-QAM waveform signals dedicated to single-relay cooperative MIMO 5G systems.
Sci Rep
July 2025
Department of Computer Science, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.
Automatic modulation classification (AMC) is a critical component in modern communication systems, particularly within software-defined radios, cognitive radio networks, smart grid and and distributed renewable energy systems (RESs) where adaptive and efficient signal processing is essential. This paper proposes a novel deep learning-based AMC method for identifying M-PSK and M-QAM waveform signals in single-relay cooperative MIMO 5G systems operating under partial channel state information (CSI) and spatially correlated channels. The proposed method leverages a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier trained on a reduced set of discriminative features, including higher-order statistics and the differential nonlinear phase peak factor, which are extracted from the received signal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid Alkalinization Factor - A cryptide regulating developmental and stress responses.
Plant Sci
October 2025
Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603 203, India. Electronic address:
Post-translational modification is a key component that aids in regulated signaling cascades and complex cross talks in the plant cell to eventually facilitate efficient plant growth and development during the transition phases and in response to environment hindrances. Proteolytic processing, being one of the irreversible post-translational modifications, resulting in generation of mature peptide hormones from large precursor proteins, enhance the rapid responses, cell - cell communication including regulation of hormone signaling, basic cellular functions and defense activities. Often most of the proteolytic products are bio-active in nature and such peptides comprises the cryptome of the plant cell.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrom Biosynthesis to Signaling: Unveiling the Multifaceted Roles of Phytosulfokine Peptide in Plants.
J Exp Bot
May 2025
Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Phytosulfokine (PSK) is a secreted peptide that plays a pivotal role in regulating plant growth, development, and environmental adaptability. PSK biosynthesis begins with a preproprotein precursor that undergoes sulfation by tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase in the cis-Golgi apparatus, followed by proteolytic cleavage by subtilases in the apoplast to yield the mature PSK. This mature peptide is recognized by membrane-bound leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases, known as PSK receptors (PSKRs), which subsequently activate diverse signaling cascades, including cGMP-dependent signaling, phosphorylation events, Ca2+ signaling, MAPK pathways, and transcriptional regulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF