Category Ranking
98%
Total Visits
921
Avg Visit Duration
2 minutes
Citations
20
Article Abstract
Purpose: The effectiveness of vaccines depends on the age and immunocompetence of the vaccinee. Conventional non-adjuvanted influenza vaccines are suboptimal in the elderly and vaccines with improved ability to prevent influenza are required. The TLR4 agonist E6020, either given alone or co-delivered with MF59, was evaluated and compared to MF59 and the TLR9 agonist CpG. Its ability to enhance antibody titres and to modulate the quality of the immune response to a subunit influenza vaccine was investigated.
Methods: Mice were immunized with either antigens alone, with MF59 or with the TLR agonists alone, or with a combination thereof. Serum samples were assayed for IgG antibody titres and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titres. Th1/Th2 type responses were determined by titrating IgG subclasses in serum samples and by T-cell cytokine responses in splenocytes.
Results: MF59 was the best single adjuvant inducing HI and T-cell responses in comparison to all alternatives. The co-delivery of E6020 or CpG with MF59 did not further increase antibody titres however shifted towards a more Th1 based immune response.
Conclusion: Combining adjuvants like E6020 and MF59 allowed a finer tuning of the immune response towards a particular Th bias, thus have significant implications for the development of improved influenza vaccines.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11095-009-9859-5 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
How often did syphilis tests have corresponding HIV tests in Ontario, Canada? A retrospective analysis of comprehensive laboratory data.
BMJ Open
September 2025
Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Objectives: Canadian guidelines recommend HIV testing for individuals being evaluated for syphilis. Our objective was to examine three aspects of HIV testing (ie, if an HIV test occurred, the timing of the HIV test in relation to the syphilis test and the proportion with a positive HIV test result) among syphilis tests between 2017 and 2022 from individuals with no evidence of a previous HIV diagnosis.
Design And Setting: This study is a retrospective analysis of comprehensive laboratory testing data from Ontario's provincial public health laboratory.
Unifying serological testing for cold agglutinins.
Vox Sang
September 2025
Department of Immunohematology Diagnostics, Sanquin Diagnostic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Background And Objectives: Cold agglutinins (CAs) are immunoglobulin M autoantibodies that optimally bind to red blood cells at low temperatures. The clinical significance of CAs is usually characterized by the CA titre and thermal amplitude. However, there is no consensus on the optimal testing strategy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunogenicity and protection against infectious bursal disease via a transgenic Eimeria acervulina expressing IBDV VP2-2C3d fusion protein.
Vaccine
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety; Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Infectious bursal disease (IBD), caused by the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), significantly threatens global poultry health by inducing immunosuppression and causing economic losses. To enhance vaccination efficacy, we engineered a transgenic strain of Eimeria acervulina (Ea-2C3d) expressing a fusion protein composed of IBDV VP2 and three tandem C3d segments (3C3d), utilizing C3d's adjuvant properties to boost immune responses. The transgene was generated by integrating codon-optimized VP2 and 3C3d sequences into the E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCandidate Cytokine Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Ocular- and Neurosyphilis.
Ocul Immunol Inflamm
September 2025
Division of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Purpose: To describe differences in the expression of selected host biomarkers, by analysing the aqueous humour (AH), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of patients with ocular syphilis, both with and without neurosyphilis and HIV infection, to support the diagnosis of ocular syphilis.
Methods: A prospective observational descriptive study was conducted at Tygerberg Academic Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa, from February 1, 2018, to January 31, 2021. The study included all patients aged 18 years or older who presented to the eye clinic with ocular syphilis, provided they had a positive serum Treponema pallidum antibodies (TPA) test, an RPR titre of ≥ 8 and confirmed ocular inflammation.
Polyomavirus Antibodies for Merkel Cell Carcinoma Recurrence Detection.
JAMA Dermatol
September 2025
Department of Dermatology, University of Washington, Seattle.
Importance: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is typically caused by the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) and recurs in 40% of patients. Half of patients with MCC produce antibodies to MCPyV oncoproteins, the titers of which rise with disease recurrence and fall after successful treatment.
Objective: To assess the utility of MCPyV oncoprotein antibodies for early detection of first recurrence of MCC in a real-world clinical setting.