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In budding yeast, the actin-based class V myosin motors, Myo2 and Myo4, transport virtually all organelles from mother to bud during cell division. Until recently, it appeared that mitochondria may be an exception, with studies showing that the Arp2/3 complex is required for their movement. However, several recent studies have proposed that Myo2 has a direct involvement in mitochondria inheritance. In this issue, Altmann et al. (Altmann, K., M. Frank, D. Neumann, S. Jakobs, and B. Westermann. 2008. J. Cell Biol. 181:119-130) provide the strongest support yet that Myo2 and its associated light chain Mlc1 function directly and significantly in both mitochondria-actin interactions and in the movement of mitochondria from mother to bud. The conflicting functions of Arp 2/3 and Myo2 may be reconciled by the existence of multiple pathways involved in mitochondrial transport.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200803064 | DOI Listing |
J Cell Biol
November 2025
Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Cell division commonly produces two daughter cells, but there are many exceptions where large cells produce multiple daughters. Multiple fission of some green algae and bacteria; cellularization during embryogenesis of plants and insects; and growth of Ichthyosporeans, Chytrids, and Apicomplexans all provide variations on this theme. In some yeast species, a large multinucleate mother cell grows multiple buds (daughters) simultaneously.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cell Biol
November 2025
Biology Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Budding yeasts present an especially challenging geometry for segregation of chromosomes, which must be delivered across the narrow mother-bud neck into the bud. Studies in the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have revealed an elaborate set of mechanisms that selectively orient one mitotic spindle pole toward the bud and then drive spindle elongation along the mother-bud axis, ensuring nuclear segregation between mother and bud. It is unclear how these pathways might be adapted to yield similar precision in more complex cell geometries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
May 2025
Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.
Cell division commonly produces two daughter cells, but there are many exceptions where large cells produce multiple daughters. Multiple fission of some green algae and bacteria, cellularization during embryogenesis of plants and insects, and growth of Ichthyosporeans, Chytrids, and Apicomplexans all provide variations on this theme. In some yeast species, a large multi-nucleate mother cell grows multiple buds (daughters) simultaneously.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects
March 2025
Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Kerman Dental School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Background: Extensive research has established the adverse impact of morphine sulfate addiction on the central nervous system. Additionally, studies have shown that the consumption of morphine during pregnancy can impair normal fetal development. This study examined the influence of morphine sulfate on tooth development in rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Bot
May 2025
National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Male sterility (MS) holds great potential and value for breeding seedless cultivars of fruit trees. However, functional characterization of MS-related genes has been difficult in perennial fruit crops, because of extended juvenile period and difficulties in genetic transformation. In this study, we compared anther development of 'Qianyang Seedless' (QS), a natural seedless bud sport (somatic mutation) of Ponkan mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) with a stable MS phenotype, with that of the seedy wild-type 'Egan NO.
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