CitACOS5 is crucial for male fertility in citrus by influencing pollen exine formation.

Male sterility (MS) holds great potential and value for breeding seedless cultivars of fruit trees. However, functional characterization of MS-related genes has been difficult in perennial fruit crops, because of extended juvenile period and difficulties in genetic transformation. In this study, we compared anther development of 'Qianyang Seedless' (QS), a natural seedless bud sport (somatic mutation) of Ponkan mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) with a stable MS phenotype, with that of the seedy wild-type 'Egan NO.

Somatic variations in the meiosis-specific gene CrMER3 confer seedlessness in a citrus bud sport.

Seedlessness is a most valuable trait in fruit crops for fresh consumption and processing. The mutations in essential meiosis genes are known to confer sterility and seed abortion in plants. However, defects in meiosis have rarely been reported in fruit crops.

Polyploidization leads to salt stress resilience via ethylene signaling in citrus plants.

Polyploidization is a common occurrence in the evolutionary history of flowering plants, significantly contributing to their adaptability and diversity. However, the molecular mechanisms behind these adaptive advantages are not well understood. Through comprehensive phenotyping of diploid and tetraploid clones from Citrus and Poncirus genera, we discovered that genome doubling significantly enhances salt stress resilience.

Gene expression profiles and metabolic pathways responsible for male sterility in cybrid pummelo.

Abnormal expression of genes regulating anther and pollen development and insufficient accumulation of male sterility (MS)- related metabolites lead to MS in cybrid pummelo Male sterility (MS) is a major cause of seedlessness in citrus, which is an important trait for fresh fruit. Understanding the mechanism of MS is important for breeding seedless citrus cultivars. In this study, we dissected the transcriptional, metabolic and physiological mechanisms of MS in somatic cybrid of pummelo (G1 + HBP).

Ethylene produced in carpel primordia controls CmHB40 expression to inhibit stamen development.

Sex determination evolved to control the development of unisexual flowers. In agriculture, it conditions how plants are cultivated and bred. We investigated how female flowers develop in monoecious cucurbits.

HSFA1a modulates plant heat stress responses and alters the 3D chromatin organization of enhancer-promoter interactions.

The complex and dynamic three-dimensional organization of chromatin within the nucleus makes understanding the control of gene expression challenging, but also opens up possible ways to epigenetically modulate gene expression. Because plants are sessile, they evolved sophisticated ways to rapidly modulate gene expression in response to environmental stress, that are thought to be coordinated by changes in chromatin conformation to mediate specific cellular and physiological responses. However, to what extent and how stress induces dynamic changes in chromatin reorganization remains poorly understood.

<b>The control of carpel determinacy pathway leads to sex determination</b> <b>in cucurbits</b>

Male and female unisexual flowers evolved from hermaphroditic ancestors, and control of flower sex is useful for plant breeding. We isolated a female-to-male sex transition mutant in melon and identified the causal gene as the carpel identity gene <i>CRABS CLAW (CRC)</i>. We show that the master regulator of sex determination in cucurbits, the transcription factor <i>WIP1</i> whose expression orchestrates male flower development, recruits the corepressor TOPLESS to the <i>CRC</i> promoter to suppress its expression through histone deacetylation.

Acetylome reprograming participates in the establishment of fruit metabolism during polyploidization in citrus.

Polyploidization leads to novel phenotypes and is a major force in evolution. However, the relationship between the evolution of new traits and variations in the post-translational modifications (PTM) of proteins during polyploidization has not been studied. Acetylation of lysine residues is a common protein PTM that plays a critical regulatory role in central metabolism.

A coiled-coil protein associates Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 with KNOX/BELL transcription factors to maintain silencing of cell differentiation-promoting genes in the shoot apex.

Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which mediates the deposition of H3K27me3 histone marks, is important for developmental decisions in animals and plants. In the shoot apical meristem (SAM), Three Amino acid Loop Extension family KNOTTED-LIKE HOMEOBOX /BEL-like (KNOX/BELL) transcription factors are key regulators of meristem cell pluripotency and differentiation. Here, we identified a PRC2-associated coiled-coil protein (PACP) that interacts with KNOX/BELL transcription factors in rice (Oryza sativa) shoot apex cells.

Polyploidy remodels fruit metabolism by modifying carbon source utilization and metabolic flux in Ponkan mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco).

The phenotypic variations that follow polyploidization are expected to improve agricultural productivity and efficiency [1]. However, the effect of polyploidization on plant metabolism has rarely been studied. This study evaluated the metabolic alterations that followed autotetraploidization in the fruit of Ponkan mandarin (C.

Comparative metabolic and transcriptional analysis of a doubled diploid and its diploid citrus rootstock (C. junos cv. Ziyang xiangcheng) suggests its potential value for stress resistance improvement.

Background: Polyploidy has often been considered to confer plants a better adaptation to environmental stresses. Tetraploid citrus rootstocks are expected to have stronger stress tolerance than diploid. Plenty of doubled diploid citrus plants were exploited from diploid species for citrus rootstock improvement.