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Tau-tubulin kinase 2 (TTBK2) is a Ser/Thr kinase that putatively phosphorylates residues Ser208 and Ser210 (numbered according to a 441-residue human tau isoform) in tau protein. Functional analyses revealed that a recombinant kinase domain (residues 1-331) of human TTBK2 expressed in insect cells with a baculovirus overexpression system retains kinase activity for tau protein. The kinase domain of TTBK2 was crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. The crystals belong to space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 55.6, b = 113.7, c = 117.3 A, alpha = beta = gamma = 90.0 degrees. Diffraction data were collected to 2.9 A resolution using synchrotron radiation at BL24XU of SPring-8.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1744309107028783 | DOI Listing |
J Neurochem
September 2025
Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Elucidating the earliest biological mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) is critical for advancing early detection strategies. While amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathologies have been central to preclinical AD research, the roles of peripheral biological processes in disease initiation remain underexplored. We investigated patterns of F-MK6240 tau positron emission tomography (PET) and peripheral inflammation across stages defined by Aβ burden and neuronal injury in n = 132 (64.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Alzheimer Res
September 2025
Department of Biochemistry, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
A serine/threonine kinase with a wide variety of substrates, Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) is widely expressed. GSK-3 is a key player in cell metabolism and signaling, modulating numerous cellular functions and playing significant roles in both healthy and diseased states. The two histopathological features of Alzheimer's disease, the intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau, and the extracellular senile plaques composed of beta-amyloid, have been linked to GSK-3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeroscience
September 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Kangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a growing global health burden, underscoring the urgent need for reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Although several disease-modifying treatments have recently become available, their effects remain limited, as they primarily delay rather than halt disease progression. Thus, the early and accurate identification of individuals at elevated risk for conversion to AD dementia is crucial to maximize the effectiveness of these therapies and to facilitate timely intervention strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurobiol Dis
September 2025
University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Medicine, Department of Neurological Sciences, Omaha, NE, USA. Electronic address:
Amongst the major histopathological hallmarks in Alzheimer's disease are intracellular neurofibrillary tangles consisting of hyperphosphorylated and aggregated Tau, synaptic dysfunction, and synapse loss. We have previously shown evidence of synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction in a mouse model of Tauopathy that overexpresses human Tau (hTau). Here, we questioned whether the levels or activity of Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in mitophagy, can influence Tau-induced synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Chem
August 2025
Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Haryana, 122413, India. Electronic address:
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer's, Huntington's, and Parkinson's disease, are associated with significant declines in cognitive function and mobility. The accumulation of misfolded proteins such as β-amyloid, tau, α-synuclein, and polyglutamates is a key factor in the progression of these conditions. Unfortunately, traditional small-molecule drugs face major obstacles in effectively targeting these proteins.
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