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Hepatitis B virus infection remains a major epidemiological health problem worldwide, due to the high prevalence (350 mln new cases per year) and clinical consequences of this infection including chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. Two cases of patients with clinical symptoms of chronic hepatitis B without traditional serological markers, pointing to active hepatitis B viral replication, were presented. The diagnosis has been confirmed by molecular methods, typical histopathology of liver biopsy specimens, and biochemical improvement after lamivudine treatment.
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Rev Med Suisse
August 2025
Service de gastroentérologie et d'hépatologie, Département de médecine, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois et Université de Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne.
Viral hepatitis is associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hepatitis A and E viruses are enterally transmitted and typically cause acute self-limited hepatitis. Hepatitis B, C, and D viruses are parenterally transmitted and can cause chronic hepatitis, with potential progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Virol
September 2025
Department of Hepatology, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Unlabelled: Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H), an interferon-stimulated gene (ISG), has been implicated in broad-spectrum antiviral immunity. Here, we identify CH25H as a potent suppressor of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication that significantly outperforms IFN-α in reducing HBV DNA, pregenomic RNA (pgRNA), HBsAg, and HBeAg, without inducing cytotoxicity. However, CH25H is weakly expressed in hepatocytes and only modestly induced by type I interferon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJHEP Rep
October 2025
HEOR-Global Value and Access, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA.
Background & Aims: HDV leads to the most severe form of viral hepatitis. It has been estimated to affect 5-13% of people who have chronic HBV worldwide. Evidence of HDV incidence, prevalence, and disease burden in Spain is limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Natl Cancer Inst
September 2025
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sincan Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
J Viral Hepat
October 2025
Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Discontinuing antivirals in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) 'e' antigen negative infection can enhance HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) loss but risks complications. We modelled the clinical impact of discontinuing antivirals in chronic HBV. We developed a Markov state model with Monte Carlo simulation of chronic HBV to compare continuation of antiviral therapy with 3 strategies of cessation and reinitiation for: (1) virologic relapse, (2) clinical relapse, or (3) hepatitis flare.
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