The limelight of adipose-derived stem cells in the landscape of neural tissue engineering for peripheral nerve injury.

Challenges in treating peripheral nerve injury include prolonged repair time and insufficient functional recovery. Stem cell therapy coupled with neural tissue engineering has been shown to induce nerve regeneration following peripheral nerve injury. Among these stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are preferred due to their accessibility, expansion, multidirectional differentiation, and production of essential nutrient factors for nerve growth.

Improvements of mid-thigh circumferences following robotic rehabilitation in hemiparetic stroke patients.

Introduction: Stroke has emerged as the leading cause of disability globally. The provision of long-term rehabilitation to stroke survivors poses a health care burden to many countries. Robotic devices have created a major turning point in stroke rehabilitation program.

The Epigenesis of Salivary Glands Carcinoma: From Field Cancerization to Carcinogenesis.

Salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) are a diverse collection of malignant tumors with marked differences in biological activity, clinical presentation and microscopic appearance. Although the etiology is varied, secondary radiation, oncogenic viruses as well as chromosomal rearrangements have all been linked to the formation of SGCs. Epigenetic modifications may also contribute to the genesis and progression of SGCs.

Anatomy Education Environment Measurement Inventory (AEEMI): a cross-validation study in Malaysian medical schools.

Background: The Anatomy Education Environment Measurement Inventory (AEEMI) evaluates the perception of medical students of educational climates with regard to teaching and learning anatomy. The study aimed to cross-validate the AEEMI, which was previously studied in a public medical school, and proposed a valid universal model of AEEMI across public and private medical schools in Malaysia.

Methods: The initial 11-factor and 132-item AEEMI was distributed to 1930 pre-clinical and clinical year medical students from 11 medical schools in Malaysia.

Significance of Nasal Septum Angulation and Its Association with Rhinosinusitis Symptom Scores.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the association of angulation of nasal septum with the severity of rhinosinusitis as measured by symptom score and Visual Analog Score (VAS).

Method: The study was performed as a cross sectional study conducted at two different centres in Malaysia. Ninety-eight patients who were diagnosed with rhinosinusitis and fulfilled the selection criteria were assessed as for the symptom score and VAS and the measurement of angulation of nasal septum was performed through a coronal view of CT paranasal sinuses in bone window setting at osteomeatal complex level.

Anatomy education environment measurement inventory: A valid tool to measure the anatomy learning environment.

Students' perceptions of the education environment influence their learning. Ever since the major medical curriculum reform, anatomy education has undergone several changes in terms of its curriculum, teaching modalities, learning resources, and assessment methods. By measuring students' perceptions concerning anatomy education environment, valuable information can be obtained to facilitate improvements in teaching and learning.

Tualang honey supplement improves memory performance and hippocampal morphology in stressed ovariectomized rats.

Recently, our research team has reported that Tualang honey was able to improve immediate memory in postmenopausal women comparable with that of estrogen progestin therapy. Therefore the aim of the present study was to examine the effects of Tualang honey supplement on hippocampal morphology and memory performance in ovariectomized (OVX) rats exposed to social instability stress. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: (i) sham-operated controls, (ii) stressed sham-operated controls, (iii) OVX rats, (iv) stressed OVX rats, (v) stressed OVX rats treated with 17β-estradiol (E2), and (vi) stressed OVX rats treated with Tualang honey.

Rats exposed to cocaine during late gestation and early postnatal life show deficits in hippocampal pyramidal and granule cells in later life.

In humans, the offspring of maternal cocaine misusers are known to have subtle cognitive and motor impairments in later life. It was therefore hypothesized that such exposure in animals would also affect the morphological structure of the brain. This possibility was investigated by exposing rats to cocaine between embryonic day 15 and postnatal day 6.