Surgical Site Infection After Intestine Transplantation: Risk Factors and Outcomes.

Background: Infections are a significant complication of intestine transplantation. The epidemiology and impact of surgical site infections (SSIs) in this population are not well defined. This study aimed to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of SSIs in intestine transplant recipients.

State-of-the-Art Review: Modern Approach to Nocardiosis-Diagnosis, Management, and Uncertainties.

Nocardiosis is an uncommon yet potentially devastating infection. Nocardia tends to affect individuals with chronic lung disease or immunocompromising conditions, 2 groups increasing in number. Incidence of nocardiosis is likely to increase as well, and it is vital to have an approach to this complex disease.

Trends in Anaplasmosis Over the Past Decade: A Review of Clinical Features, Laboratory Data and Outcomes.

Background: There is a lack of comprehensive, large cohort studies investigating the predictors for severity and hospitalization in human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all cases of HGA identified by positive blood Anaplasma polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at the Mayo Clinic Laboratory, Rochester between 2011 and 2021. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate risk factors associated with hospitalization.

Illuminating the Challenges and Diagnostic Utility of Plasma Microbial Cell-Free DNA Sequencing in Suspected Infective Endocarditis: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study.

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a life-threatening infection often challenging to diagnose, particularly in culture-negative cases. Plasma microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA) sequencing has shown potential for detecting pathogens in IE. However, its clinical utility, diagnostic impact, and limitations remain debated.

Comparative Effectiveness of Outpatient COVID-19 Therapies in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.

Background: Multiple outpatient therapies have been developed for COVID-19 in high-risk individuals, but solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients were not well represented in controlled clinical trials. To date, few comparative studies have evaluated outcomes between outpatient therapies in this population.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using de-identified administrative claims data from OptumLabs Data Warehouse.

Musculoskeletal infections associated with species: a case series.

: is an uncommon pathogen that has been reported to infect musculoskeletal structures. However, studies are largely limited to case reports, and little is known regarding management and outcomes of these infections. : We performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study of adults with culture-confirmed musculoskeletal infections at three Mayo Clinic centers in Arizona, Florida, and Minnesota from November 2011 through April 2022.

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole dosing and outcomes of pulmonary nocardiosis.

Background: Nocardia often causes pulmonary infection among those with chronic pulmonary disease or immunocompromising conditions. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is recommended as first-line treatment, though little data exists regarding outcomes of different dosing regimens.

Methods: We performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study of adult patients with non-disseminated pulmonary nocardiosis initially treated with TMP-SMX monotherapy.

Factors associated with infectious diseases fellowship academic success.

Background: A multitude of factors are considered in an infectious disease (ID) training program's meticulous selection process of ID fellows but their correlation to pre and in-fellowship academic success as well as post-fellowship academic success and short-term outcomes is poorly understood. Our goal was to investigate factors associated with subsequent academic success in fellowship as well as post-fellowship short-term outcomes.

Methods: In 2022, we retrospectively analyzed deidentified academic records from 39 graduates of the Mayo Clinic Rochester ID Fellowship Program (1 July 2013- 30 June 2022).

Cytomegalovirus infection in heart transplant recipients: Epidemiology, risk factors, and long-term outcomes from a major transplant center in the United States.

Background: Despite the use of antiviral prophylaxis, cytomegalovirus (CMV) remains a common opportunistic infection following heart transplantation. This study analyzes the rates, risk factors, and outcomes of CMV among heart transplant recipients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of adults who underwent heart transplantation between January 1, 2011, and March 31, 2019.

Risk Factors for Surgical-site Infections After Liver Transplant: Does Perioperative Antibiotic Regimen Matter?

Background: Surgical-site infections (SSIs) are common in liver transplant recipients. The optimal SSI antimicrobial prophylaxis agent and duration are not established. We aimed to explore risk factors for SSIs after transplant, with a particular interest in the impact of perioperative antibiotic regimen on the development of SSIs.

COVID-19 outcome is not affected by anti-CD20 or high-titer convalescent plasma in immunosuppressed patients.

The role of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) convalescent plasma in the treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in immunosuppressed individuals remains controversial. We describe the course of COVID-19 in patients who had received anti-CD20 therapy within the 3 years prior to infection. We compared outcomes between those treated with and those not treated with high titer SARS-CoV2 convalescent plasma.

Risk factors for positive follow-up blood cultures in Gram-negative bacteremia among immunocompromised patients with neutropenia.

Introduction: Gram-negative bacillary bloodstream infection (GN-BSI) is a frequent clinical challenge among immunocompromised hosts and is associated with a high mortality. The utility of follow-up blood cultures (FUBCs) for GN-BSI in this population, particularly in the setting of neutropenia, is poorly defined.

Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study between the period of July 2018 and April 2022 to investigate the utility of FUBCs and delineate risk factors for positive cultures among neutropenic patients with monomicrobial GN-BSI.

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole significantly reduces the risk of nocardiosis in solid organ transplant recipients: systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.

Background: Whether trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) prophylaxis prevents nocardiosis in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients is controversial.

Objectives: To assess the effect of TMP-SMX in the prevention of nocardiosis after SOT, its dose-response relationship, its effect on preventing disseminated nocardiosis, and the risk of TMP-SMX resistance in case of breakthrough infection.

Methods: A systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.

Risk of cytomegalovirus infection and subsequent allograft failure after pancreas transplantation.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common cause of infection after transplantation, but few studies have evaluated its epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes among pancreas transplant recipients. We performed a retrospective cohort study of adults who underwent pancreas transplantation from January 1, 2010, through December 31, 2020, at 3 sites in Arizona, Florida, and Minnesota. The primary outcome was clinically significant CMV infection (csCMVi), defined as CMV disease or infection requiring antiviral therapy.

Clinical utility of a cytomegalovirus-specific T cell assay in assessing the risk of post-prophylaxis cytomegalovirus infection and post-treatment relapse.

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes significant morbidity in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR). Measuring cell-mediated immunity (CMI) may inform the risk of CMV infection after antiviral prophylaxis and predict relapse after CMV treatment.

Methods: We serially assessed CMV CMI using the QuantiFERON-CMV assay (QF-CMV; Qiagen, Germantown, MD) in two cohorts of SOTRs: during valganciclovir prophylaxis and during treatment of CMV viremia.

BK polyomavirus DNAemia in pancreas transplant recipients compared to pancreas-kidney recipients.

Background: BK polyomavirus (BKV) infection is a common complication of kidney transplantation. While BKV has been described in non-kidney transplant recipients, data are limited regarding its epidemiology and outcomes in pancreas transplant recipients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults who underwent pancreas transplantation from 2010-2020.

Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of from a Referral Center and Reference Laboratory: 2012-2022.

The prevalence of invasive candidiasis caused by non- has rapidly increased. () is an important pathogen associated with substantial mortality. Our study examined the antifungal temporal susceptibility of and cross-resistance/non-wild-type patterns with other azoles and echinocandins.