Impact of prostaglandin-associated periorbitopathy on surgical outcomes of trabeculectomy and ahmed glaucoma valve implantation.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of prostaglandin-associated periorbitopathy (PAP) severity on the surgical outcomes of trabeculectomy (LEC) and Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV) implantation in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma.

Methods: In this propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study, a total of 106 eyes with uncontrolled glaucoma were included. Postoperative follow-ups were conducted at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.

Heart Rate Variability Frequency-Domain Analysis Across Glaucoma Subtypes.

: Heart rate variability (HRV) is a marker of autonomic nervous system function, based on fluctuations in heartbeat intervals. Although several studies have investigated the association between frequency-domain HRV parameters and glaucoma, evidence based on large sample sizes remains limited. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the relationship between frequency-domain HRV parameters and glaucoma subtypes, including primary open-angle glaucoma (PG) and exfoliation glaucoma (EG), using a larger sample size.

Release of potentially harmful elements from excavated rocks with surface alteration under dry-wet cycles.

In construction projects, rocks containing potentially harmful elements (PHEs) may be excavated and treated for reuse. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of PHE release from excavated rocks that are to be reused is crucial. Embankments constructed using excavated rocks are primarily affected by exposure to dry-wet cycles.

Accelerated Plethysmography in Glaucoma Patients.

Systemic arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis have been increasingly recognized as potential contributors to the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Several studies have reported associations between glaucoma and various surrogate markers of vascular stiffness. However, despite the growing interest in the vascular components of glaucoma, no previous studies have specifically explored the relationship between the indices derived from acceleration plethysmography (APG) and glaucoma.

A Case of Intraocular Pressure Elevation Secondary to Pupillary Occlusion.

We report a case of acute intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation caused by pupillary occlusion in a Japanese man in his 90s. The patient presented with a left frontal headache and vomiting, and ophthalmologic evaluation revealed marked IOP elevation, a shallow anterior chamber, and pupillary membrane formation obscuring the lens. While anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) was unable to confirm the lens position, ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) clearly demonstrated the absence of lens displacement or intraocular mass.

Photocatalytic Decyanative Radical Addition Based on Cyano Group Transfer Mediated by Amine-Ligated Boryl Radicals.

Herein, we describe a photocatalytic strategy for decyanative hydrofunctionalization of styrenes with α-heteroatom-substituted acetonitriles. This strategy facilitates the generation of α-heteroatom methyl radicals from acetonitriles through cyano group transfer (CGT) enabled by amine-ligated boryl radicals. The broad applicability of this method is demonstrated by its successful application in late-stage functionalization of bioactive compounds.

Heart Rate Variability Time-Domain Analysis Across Glaucoma Subtypes.

: The association between glaucoma and autonomic nervous system (ANS) function remains unclear. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and exfoliation glaucoma (EXG) have distinct pathophysiological mechanisms, which may lead to different ANS alteration. This study aimed to investigate the association between different glaucoma subtypes and the following time-domain heart rate variability (HRV) parameters: the standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), the square root of the mean of the sum of the squared differences between adjacent normal-to-normal intervals (RMSSD), and the coefficient of variation of R-R intervals (CVRR).

Rotaxane-Based Mechanochromic Mechanophore Enabled by Amide Bond Formation.

Mechanochromic mechanophores are molecular structures that alter their absorption and fluorescence properties in response to applied mechanical force. Supramolecular mechanophores, which operate without requiring covalent bond cleavage, respond to smaller forces with instantaneous and reversible fluorescence changes. Rotaxane-based supramolecular mechanophores offer exceptional design flexibility due to their molecular structures.

The association between dual sensory impairment and dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sensory impairments have been linked to dementia. However, the impact of dual sensory impairment (DSI), combining both vision impairment and hearing impairment, on dementia has shown inconsistent results.

Objective: To systematically review the evidence on the association DSI and dementia.

Photocatalytic Strategy for Decyanative Transformations Enabled by Amine-Ligated Boryl Radical.

Decyanation after α-functionalization by exploiting the inherent properties of cyano groups enables the strategic assembly of a carbon scaffold. Herein, we demonstrate an amine-ligated boryl radical-mediated cyano group transfer (CGT) strategy of malononitriles under photocatalytic conditions. This strategy allows for the cleavage of C(sp)-CN and the formation of C(sp)-D and C(sp) to realize decyanative deuteration and cyclization via radical-polar crossover.

Impact of cataract surgery on cognitive impairment in older people.

Objectives: To examine the impact of cataract surgery on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in older people.

Methods: This prospective observational study included patients aged 75 years and older who underwent cataract surgery between 2019 and 2021. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and MMSE for the visually impaired (MMSE-blind) were measured to evaluate cognitive function before and 3 months after cataract surgery.

High Fever, Wide Distribution of Viral Pneumonia, and Pleural Effusion are More Critical Findings at the First Visit in Predicting the Prognosis of COVID-19: A Single Center, retrospective, Propensity Score-Matched Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Currently, infection control measures for SARS-COV2 are being relaxed, and it is important in daily clinical practice to decide which findings to focus on when managing patients with similar background factors.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 66 patients who underwent blood tests (complete blood count, blood chemistry tests, and coagulation tests) and thin slice CT between January 1 and May 31, 2020, and performed a propensity score-matched case-control study. Cases and controls were a severe respiratory failure group (non-rebreather mask, nasal high-flow, and positive-pressure ventilation) and a non-severe respiratory failure group, matched at a ratio of 1:3 by propensity scores constructed by age, sex, and medical history.

Waterproofing Spray-Associated Lung Injury Review: Differences between Cases of Early and Delayed Improvement of Waterproofing Spray-Associated Lung Injury.

Waterproofing spray-associated lung injury (WALI) is an acute respiratory disorder characterized by bilateral diffuse lung injury on chest computed tomography (CT). In most cases, the symptoms and abnormal radiographic findings of WALI patients improve spontaneously over several days; however, some cases have persistent symptoms and abnormal shadows for >1 week. The distinctive features of each WALI are unknown.

A case of reinfection with a different variant of SARS-CoV-2: case report.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was previously thought to have a low reinfection rate, but there are concerns that the reinfection rate will increase with the emergence and spread of mutant variants. This report describes the case of a 36-year-old, non-immunosuppressed man who was infected twice by two different variants of COVID-19 within a relatively short period.

Case Presentation: A 36-year-old Japanese man with no comorbidities was infected with the E484K variant (R.

Super Mg Conductivity around 10 S cm Observed in a Porous Metal-Organic Framework.

We first report a solid-state crystalline "Mg conductor" showing a superionic conductivity of around 10 S cm at ambient temperature, which was obtained using the pores of a metal-organic framework (MOF), MIL-101, as ion-conducting pathways. The MOF, MIL-101⊃{Mg(TFSI)} (TFSI = bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide), containing Mg inside its pores, showed a superionic conductivity of 1.9 × 10 S cm at room temperature (RT) (25 °C) under the optimal guest vapor (MeCN), which is the highest value among all Mg-containing crystalline compounds.

Impact of retinal vein occlusion on cardiovascular events in elderly Japanese patients.

To assess the relationship between retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and the incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events.This was a single-institution, retrospective cohort study. We enrolled 57 patients diagnosed with RVO between January 2012 and December 2019, and 125 non-RVO patients who had undergone cataract surgery by a single surgeon between January and April 2012.

Bulk-sensitive spin-resolved resonant electron energy-loss spectroscopy (SR-rEELS): Observation of element- and spin-selective bulk plasmons.

We have developed spin-resolved resonant electron energy-loss spectroscopy with the primary energy of 0.3-1.5 keV, which corresponds to the core excitations of 2p-3d absorption of transition metals and 3d-4f absorption of rare-earths, with the energy resolution of about 100 meV using a spin-polarized electron source as a GaAs/GaAsP strained superlattice photocathode.

Corneal Eccentricity in a Rural Japanese Population: The Locomotive Syndrome and Health Outcome in Aizu Cohort Study (LOHAS).

Purpose: To determine normal corneal eccentricity in a rural Japanese population and to examine factors associated with eccentricity value.

Methods: This used data from the Locomotive Syndrome and Health Outcome in Aizu Cohort Study (LOHAS) project between 2009 and 2012. Residents of Minamiaizu and Tadami in Fukushima, Japan, who were aged 40 years or over, were invited for a comprehensive eye examination.

A case of COVID-19 pneumonia successfully treated with favipiravir (Avigan) in which serum SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected by LAMP method was clinically useful.

A 49-year-old Japanese male was managed by mechanical ventilation due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Favipiravir as an antiviral therapy, and anti-inflammatory treatment were administered. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in serum by the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method on Day 9; favipiravir treatment was continued.

Clinical Features of 154 COVID-19 Patients and the Parameters for the Effective Detection of Pneumonia at the Time of the Initial Diagnosis in Japan.

Objective We aimed to clarify clinical and laboratory characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and further explore the features to detect COVID-19 pneumonia at the first visit to community-based hospitals. Methods Diagnoses of COVID-19 were based on positive results from real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction testing of nasopharyngeal-swab specimens. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients showing positive results.

Association between visual status and social participation in older Japanese: The JAGES cross-sectional study.

Rationale: Population aging in Japan has been accompanied by increases in those with visual impairment. No previous study has examined whether visual impairment is associated with reduced social participation in older people in Japan.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, questionnaires were mailed to older people living in 39 Japanese communities in 2016.

Resting-state functional connectivity analysis of the mouse brain using intrinsic optical signal imaging of cerebral blood volume dynamics.

Objective: Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the human brain is closely related with neurological and psychiatric disorders. Mice are widely used to investigate the physiological mechanisms of such disorders, because of the applicability of invasive experimental techniques. Thus, studies on rsFC of the mouse brain are essential to link physiological mechanisms with these disorders in humans.

Electron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Arylboron Compounds with Aryl Iodides.

Arylboroxines in combination with zinc chloride and potassium tert-butoxide were found to undergo the electron-catalyzed cross-coupling with aryl iodides to give the corresponding biaryls without the aid of transition-metal catalysis.