Childhood neglect and adult mental disorders: A sibling-comparison study.

Background: Globally, childhood neglect remains common in both developed and developing settings. However, there is a lack of robust evidence regarding the association between childhood neglect and adult mental disorders.

Methods: Using a sibling-comparison study nested within the FAMILY Cohort, we assessed the role of childhood neglect and abuse in adult mental disorders, taking into account known and unknown familial confounders shared by siblings.

Education, Acculturation, and Network Diversity as Promoters of Cognitive Function: A Study of Older Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese Americans in Southern California.

ObjectivesThis study examined the role of education, acculturation, and network characteristics (size and diversity) in the cognitive function of older Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese Americans.MethodsData were drawn from 158 participants aged 60 or older in the DREAMS study-a study on Asian Americans' sleep and health conducted in Southern California.ResultsMultivariate models of cognitive function showed significant effects of education (B [SE] = 0.

Positive and Negative Family Relationships Correlate With Mental Health Conditions -a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: We aim to investigate the association between family relationships and mental health conditions in adults aged 18+.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review on associations of family relationships and mental health conditions by searching in databases MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts (ProQuest), and PTSDPubs. We calculated the Pearson correlation coefficients and I2 statistics using a random-effects model.

Life-course neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage and atherosclerotic carotid artery plaques. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Background: Neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage is a known determinant of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, its impact on subclinical atherosclerosis across the life course remains inadequately understood. This study examined the association between cumulative neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage from childhood to midlife and carotid artery plaques-a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis-independent of genetic and behavioral CVD risk factors.

Occupational Disparities in Cancer Survival Among the Working Population in Japan: 10-Year Survival Analysis Using the Kanagawa Cancer Registry.

Background: Limited data exist on occupational disparities in long-term cancer mortality among the working-age population in Japan. We examined occupational disparities in long-term cancer survival, focusing on 10-year survival outcomes among working-age populations.

Methods: This retrospective observational study used data from the Kanagawa Cancer Registry of 41,632 patients with cancer aged 20-65 years who were diagnosed between 1992 and 2015, with a 10-year follow-up.

Global Incidence Trend of Early-Onset Obesity-Related and Non-Obesity-Related Cancers.

The global rise in obesity prevalence and the incidence of early-onset cancer (diagnosed between 20 and 49 years of age) is a serious public health concern. We, therefore, evaluated the recent global trends in the incidence of early-onset obesity-related cancers and compared them to those of non-obesity-related cancers. We obtained age-standardized incidence rates of early-onset cancers diagnosed between 2000 and 2012 in 44 countries from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents database.

Social participation trajectories in late life and cognitive functioning - A sequence analysis based on Taiwan Longitudinal Study on aging.

Objective: Many studies have linked greater social participation to less cognitive decline with aging. Understanding of how social participation transitions can be associated with older adults' cognitive function is crucial.

Methods: We analyzed histories of social participation among middle-aged (50-64 years, n = 1900) and older (65+ years, n = 2500) participants in the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Gender gap in tooth brushing among Korean adolescents.

Background: Previous studies have reported a gender gap in toothbrushing habits. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of tooth brushing after lunch among South Korean schoolboys (29.2%) was approximately half of that among girls (48.

Prosociality and public support for tobacco control policies among South Korean adults: A cross-sectional study.

•Prosociality can be a powerful motivator for policy support by influencing decisions that consider others.•Character and virtue are significantly correlated with support for tobacco control policies.•Stratified results suggest that this relationship remains significant among current nicotine users for indoor tobacco use bans.

Annual medical expenditure associated with short sleep in China: estimates from a nationally representative sample.

Background: Short sleep is associated with increased morbidity risks and therefore can induce substantial medical costs. This study estimates the total and out-of-pocket amount of medical expenditure associated with short sleep among Chinese adults.

Methods: We used nationally representative data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2018.

A prospective study of grandchild caregiving and late-life cognitive function in Taiwan (1996 to 2015).

Grandparents may provide care to grandchildren, potentially supporting cognitive engagement while aging. However, previous studies have shown mixed results. We investigated associations between grandchild caregiving and cognitive function among 5,005 older adults (Cohort 1) and 1,521 middle-aged adults (Cohort 2).

Area Deprivation and Health Outcomes in Preschool Children in Japan: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

BackgroundDespite Japan's universal health insurance system, health disparities have increased since the 1990s. However, the impact of area deprivation on various aspects of child health remains understudied.MethodsThis population-based cohort study followed 38,554 children born in Japan (May 10-24, 2010) from birth to age 5.

Causal mediation of the association between educational attainment and late-life cognitive function by trajectories of social participation.

Background: Education is a well-established predictor for late-life cognition. Moreover, social participation is associated with late-life cognition and could mediate the association between education and cognitive function. Yet, few studies have formally tested this question within a causal mediation framework.

Receipt of Federal Income Support by Eligible Low-Birth-Weight Infants.

Importance: While many infants with low birth weight (LBW) are eligible for Supplemental Security Income (SSI), more evidence is needed about whether they receive benefits and whether income supports reach infants from the most socioeconomically disadvantaged households.

Objective: To assess receipt of SSI among LBW-eligible infants (infants eligible due to LBW) and targeting of SSI to LBW and income-eligible infants across county-level measures of socioeconomic disadvantage.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used administrative data from the SSI program, vital records, and the American Community Survey.

Correlates of COVID-19 conspiracy theory beliefs in Japan: A cross-sectional study of 28,175 residents.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an increase in conspiracy theories worldwide. However, in Japan, the prevalence of COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs has remained unclear. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs using a survey of 28,175 residents of Japan aged 16-81 years old.

Reproductive rights at the U.S. state level and medication access for pregnant women with opioid use.

Despite the rise in chronic, untreated opioid use among pregnant women, their rate of receiving medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) has remained stagnant since the mid-1990s. Using retrospective cross-sectional substance use treatment admissions data from 2015 to 2019, we examined access to treatment for opioid use by pregnant adults across 48 U.S.

Taiso practice and risk of functional disability and dementia among older adults in Japan: The JAGES cohort study.

Background: Taiso is a Japanese term encompassing meanings akin to calisthenics. Taiso is a widely used exercise program in Japan but whether it prevents functional disability and dementia remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the association between practicing Taiso, especially focusing on the well-known Radio-Taiso, and functional disability and dementia in older adults in Japan.

Associations of objective and subjective relative deprivation with health, happiness, and life satisfaction.

Background: Relative deprivation is a critical mechanism for understanding how income inequality affects mental health. However, few studies have compared the effects of objective and subjective relative deprivation on health outcomes. This study compared how objective and subjective relative deprivation and their interaction relate to human flourishing measures, including health, happiness, life satisfaction, social relationships, and financial stability.

Complex Multimorbidity and Trajectories of Functional Disabilities in the Last Three Years of Life: A Prospective Cohort Study of Older Adults in Japan.

We sought to understand the impact of multimorbidity (MM) on the trajectories of functional decline in the last three years of life among older people in Japan. We used nationwide longitudinal cohort data with 6-year follow-up and analyzed 3731 functionally independent residents aged 65 years and older. The primary outcome was the five trajectory groups of functional disability in the last three years of life, defined by group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM).

Long-Term Trajectories of Cognitive Disability Among Older Adults Following a Major Disaster.

Importance: Older adults are at high risk for cognitive impairments following natural disasters, but the persistence of such effects is not well understood.

Objective: To track older adults' postdisaster cognitive disability trajectories over a decade and examine associations of cognitive disability with disaster damage exposure.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective cohort study used predisaster baseline surveys conducted in August 2010 and 4 follow-ups approximately every 3 years until November 10, 2022.