Concurrent changes in sleep and cognitive function during retirement transition: the Finnish retirement and aging study.

The transition to retirement has been shown to be accompanied by increased sleep duration and improved sleep quality. In addition, some studies suggest accelerated decline in cognitive function in post-retirement years. However, less is known about their interconnectedness.

Life-course neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage and atherosclerotic carotid artery plaques. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Background: Neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage is a known determinant of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, its impact on subclinical atherosclerosis across the life course remains inadequately understood. This study examined the association between cumulative neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage from childhood to midlife and carotid artery plaques-a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis-independent of genetic and behavioral CVD risk factors.

Changes in life satisfaction and leisure-time physical activity across retirement transition: the FIREA cohort study.

Retirement brings changes in daily life, which may have implications for life satisfaction and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). This study sought to examine associations between concurrent changes in life satisfaction and LTPA across retirement, addressing gaps in understanding how life satisfaction influences physical activity in retirees. Study included 3535 public sector workers (83% women) from the Finnish Retirement and Aging study with annual surveys before and after retirement.

Weight Loss in Midlife, Chronic Disease Incidence, and All-Cause Mortality During Extended Follow-Up.

Importance: Few studies have examined long-term health benefits among individuals with sustained weight loss beyond its association with decreased diabetes risk.

Objective: To examine the long-term association of body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) changes during healthy midlife (ages 40-50 years) with later-life morbidity and mortality.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study analyzed data from 3 cohorts that included repeated height and weight measurements: the Whitehall II study (WHII; baseline, 1985-1988), Helsinki Businessmen Study (HBS; baseline, 1964-1973), and Finnish Public Sector study (FPS; baseline, 2000).

Diet Quality Trajectories From Infancy to Young Adulthood: The Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP) Study.

Background: Stability in dietary habits has been observed during childhood and adolescence, but their stability from infancy to adulthood is less known.

Objectives: Our aim was to identify latent diet quality trajectories from age 1 to 18 y and to examine their association with diet quality at age 26 y.

Methods: The study included 620 participants from the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project, initiated in infancy.

Association of multimorbidity with working life expectancy among adults aged 50 years and older: Findings from two prospective cohort studies.

Background: Individual diseases are important risk factors for early exit from the labour force among older adults, but the contribution of multimorbidity to working life expectancy (WLE) is unclear.

Methods: We used data from two prospective cohort studies: Finnish Public Sector study (FPS) and Health and Social Support Study (HeSSup). Multimorbidity at baseline was ascertained from a combination of self-reported, physician-diagnosed chronic diseases, and nationwide cancer and medication reimbursement registers.

Social disadvantage accelerates aging.

Social disadvantage, like advanced age, is a risk factor for a broad range of health conditions; however, whether it influences the aging process remains unclear. Here, using a multicohort approach, we investigated the associations of social disadvantage with age-related plasma proteins and age-related diseases. We found proteomic signatures of accelerated immune aging and 14 specific age-related proteins linked to social disadvantage during both early and later life.

Incidence of new onset arterial hypertension after metabolic bariatric surgery: an 8-year prospective follow-up with matched controls.

Background: Metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) reduces the risk of new-onset hypertension; however, it is unclear whether this effect varies according to patient sex, age, or socioeconomic background. This study aimed to assess the risk of new-onset arterial hypertension after MBS, with a special focus on these patient characteristics.

Methods: This follow-up study with matched controls was nested in a large employee cohort, the Finnish Public Sector study, consisting of individuals with no hypertension at baseline.

Association of neighbourhood and individual-level socioeconomic disadvantage in childhood and adulthood with cognitive function in mid-adulthood: Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Socioeconomic disadvantage at individual level is associated with poor cognitive outcomes but the link of neighbourhood disadvantage with cognitive function is unclear. We used data from Young Finns Study, a population-based cohort, to examine the associations of neighbourhood and individual-level disadvantage in childhood (age 3-21 years) and adulthood (age 22 up to the time of cognitive assessment) with cognitive function in mid-adulthood (age 35-49 years). Neighbourhood disadvantage was ascertained based on register data, including geo-coded address history.

Associations of 24-h Movement Behaviors With Incidence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Finnish Retirement and Aging Study.

Low physical activity, high sedentary time (SED), and inadequate sleep increase cardiovascular disease risk, but the codependency between these 24-h movement behaviors has often been neglected. This study examined associations between 24-h movement behaviors and incidence of cardiovascular risk factors. The study included 866 adults (mean age 62.

Winter-time solar radiation, precipitation, and psychotropic medication purchases: A cohort study in Finnish public sector employees.

Background: In Northern latitudes, winter is the darkest time of the year, and depressive episodes during winter are prevalent. Although changing weather patterns due to climate change are projected to result in warmer and wetter and, thus, even darker winters, research on the impact of winter-time natural light and precipitation on mental health is scarce. We examined associations of exposure to solar radiation and precipitation with psychotropic medication and antidepressant purchases in winter months.

Health benefits of leisure-time physical activity by socioeconomic status, lifestyle risk, and mental health: a multicohort study.

Background: Regular physical activity is recommended for all aged 5 years and older, but the health benefits gained might differ across population subgroups. The aim of this study was to examine these benefits in terms of years lived free from major non-communicable diseases in subgroups with varying levels of risk factors.

Methods: Our analysis was based on a multicohort study of initially healthy European adults from the IPD-Work Consortium and initially healthy participants from the UK Biobank study.

Psychosocial Risks and Resources at Work and Employee Well-being in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Time Series of Cross-sections.

Objective: We examined the relationships between psychosocial factors and employee well-being in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Survey data were from Finnish public sector employees from 2018 (T1 = before), 2020 (T2 = during), and 2022 (T3 = after the pandemic) (N= 29,360). Employee well-being was measured with self-rated health, work ability, and recovery from work.

Changes in food habits during the transition to retirement: the Whitehall II cohort study.

Background: The transition to retirement is a significant turning point in life, which may lead to changes in food habits.

Objective: To examine changes in red meat, fish, vegetables and fruit consumption during the retirement transition and whether these changes vary between sociodemographic groups.

Methods: The data were from the Whitehall II study, a cohort of 10 308 British civil servants aged 35-55 years at study induction (1985-1988).

Stimulating leisure-time activities and the risk of dementia: a multi-cohort study.

Background: Stimulating activities are associated with a decreased risk of dementia. However, the extent to which this reflects a protective effect of activity or non-participation resulting from dementia is debated. We investigated the association of stimulating leisure-time activity in late adulthood with the risk of dementia across up to two decades' follow-up.

Estimating risk of loneliness in adulthood using survey-based prediction models: A cohort study.

It is widely accepted that loneliness is associated with health problems, but less is known about the predictors of loneliness. In this study, we constructed a model to predict individual risk of loneliness during adulthood. Data were from the prospective population-based FinHealth cohort study with 3444 participants (mean age 55.

Obesity and risk of diseases associated with hallmarks of cellular ageing: a multicohort study.

Background: Ageing hallmarks, characterising features of cellular ageing, have a role in the pathophysiology of many age-related diseases. We examined whether obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing such hallmark-related diseases.

Methods: In this multicohort study, we included people aged 38-72 years with data on weight, height, and waist circumference measured during a clinical examination at baseline between March 13, 2006, and Oct 1, 2010, from the UK Biobank with follow-up until Nov 12, 2021.

Association of school neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage and teaching staff's risk of violence at work.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the association between neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage and teaching staff's risk of workplace violence and whether workplace psychosocial resources can act as effect modifiers.

Methods: Primary school teaching staff in the six largest cities in Finland responded to a survey in 2018 and were linked to information on school neighbourhood disadvantage obtained from the national grid database ( = 3984).

Results: After adjustment for confounders, staff working in schools located in the most disadvantaged neighbourhoods had a 1.

Physical activity and risk of workplace and commuting injuries: a cohort study.

Objective: Leisure-time physical activity (PA) has been hypothesized to reduce the likelihood of occupational injuries, but it is unclear whether this association varies between workplace and commuting injuries. The aim of this study was to examine the association between PA and risk of workplace and commuting injuries.

Methods: Data were derived from the Finnish Public Sector study including 82 716 person-observations (48 116 participants).

Association between changes in cardiovascular health and the risk of multimorbidity: community-based cohort studies in the UK and Finland.

Background: Better cardiovascular health is associated with lower risk of various chronic diseases, but its association with multimorbidity is poorly understood. We aimed to examine whether change in cardiovascular health is associated with multimorbidity risk.

Methods: The primary analysis was conducted in the Whitehall II multiwave prospective cohort study (UK) and the validation analysis in the Finnish Public Sector cohort study (Finland).

Cohort study on incidence of new-onset type 2 diabetes in patients after bariatric surgery and matched controls.

Background: Metabolic bariatric surgery the reduces risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes in individuals with obesity, but it is unclear whether the benefit varies by sex, age, or socioeconomic status. The aim was to assess the risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes after metabolic bariatric surgery in these subgroups.

Methods: The Finnish Public Sector study, a follow-up study with matched controls nested in a large employee cohort, included patients without type 2 diabetes and with a diagnosis of obesity or self-reported BMI of at least 35 kg/m2.

Impact of physical and sexual abuse on risk of hospitalisations for physical and mental illnesses: insights from two large prospective cohort studies.

Background: Physical abuse can lead to severe health consequences that extend beyond immediate harm. We explored the associations of physical abuse experienced during childhood and adulthood with a wide range of adult health conditions requiring hospital treatment.

Methods: We utilised data from a sub-cohort of 157,366 UK Biobank participants (46.

Are changes in sleep problems associated with changes in life satisfaction during the retirement transition?

Retirement reduces sleep problems, but changes in life satisfaction during the retirement transition are multifactorial and partly unknown. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to examine whether changes in sleep problems are associated with changes in total and domain-specific life satisfaction during the retirement transition (on average 0.5 years before and 0.