Long-term functional and quality of life outcomes after cementless minimally invasive extendable endoprosthesis replacement in skeletally immature patients with bone sarcomas at the lower limb : a Japanese Musculoskeletal Oncology Group (JMOG) study.

Aims: Extendable endoprostheses are utilized to reconstruct segmental defects following resection of bone sarcomas in skeletally immature children. However, there remains a paucity of data regarding long-term functional and quality of life outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, multicentre study and reviewed 45 children who underwent cementless minimally invasive extendable endoprosthetic replacement.

Differences in the Clinical Characteristics of Campylobacteriosis between Immunocompromised and Immunocompetent Patients: a Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study in Japan.

Background: Despite growing concerns about the invasiveness of infections in patients with comorbidities, the clinical features of campylobacteriosis in immunocompromised hosts remain unclear.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on campylobacteriosis to investigate the clinical features of patients with immunosuppressive conditions in a university hospital in Japan between 2010 and 2023. The patients were classified into immunocompetent and immunocompromised groups.

An 11-year multicentre clinical and genomic surveillance of listeriosis across Japan.

Objectives: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study to characterize the clinical features of listeriosis and the genomic characteristics of causative Listeria monocytogenes isolates across Japan.

Methods: In this retrospective observational cohort study, we enrolled all microbiologically confirmed listeriosis cases between Jan 1, 2011, and Dec 31, 2021. We collected the causative isolates and performed whole genome sequencing.

Prognostic factors in patients with bone metastasis of renal cell carcinoma in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have a higher incidence of bone metastasis; however, the availability of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is expected to improve their overall survival (OS). Hence, accurate data on the prognosis and survival of patients with bone metastases are necessary to recommend appropriate treatments. Therefore, we investigated the prognosis and prognostic factors of patients with ccRCC bone metastasis in the era of ICIs.

MS-stable/TMB-high pleomorphic liposarcoma successfully treated with pembrolizumab: a case report.

Pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLPS) is a rare and aggressive subtype of liposarcoma with limited treatment options. Despite studies on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in sarcomas, there have been few reports involving PLPS. Furthermore, the significance of tumor mutation burden (TMB)-high, a known biomarker for ICIs in various solid tumors, remains unclear in sarcomas.

Incidence, risk factors, and prognostic impact of regional lymph node metastasis in bone sarcoma: a population-based cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the risk factors and prognostic impact of regional lymph node metastasis (RLNM) in patients with bone sarcoma.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from a Japanese registry of patients with bone sarcoma (2006-19). Disease-specific overall survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Epidemiology of respiratory viruses according to age group, 2023-24 winter season, Kyoto, Japan.

The seasonality and epidemiology of viral acute respiratory infections (ARIs) have changed since the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. However, molecular-based ARI surveillance has not been conducted in Japan. We developed a regional surveillance program to define the local epidemiology of ARIs.

Prognostic factors in patients with bone metastasis of lung cancer after immune checkpoint inhibitors: A retrospective study.

Background: Accurate data on the prognosis of bone metastases are necessary for appropriate treatment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in the treatment of gene mutation-negative non-small cell lung cancer (GMN-NSCLC).

Aim: To investigate the prognostic factors in patients with bone metastases from GMN-NSCLC following ICI use.

Embryonal and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in adolescents/young adults, adults and older adults: a population-based cohort study.

Background: The clinical characteristics, outcomes, and prognostic factors of adult embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas (ERMS) and alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas (ARMS), particularly the differences among adolescents/young adults (AYA), adults, and older adults, remain unclear. We assessed the clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of adult patients with ERMS and ARMS in Japan and to compare these features among AYA, adult, and older adult patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from the Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Registry of Japan and enrolled patients aged ≥15 years with ERMS and ARMS.

Clinical genomic profiling of malignant giant cell tumor of bone: A retrospective analysis using a real‑world database.

Malignant giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is identified by the presence of multinucleated giant cells, with an aggressive behavior and a high risk of metastasis, which has not been genetically characterized in detail. H3 histone family member 3A () gene mutations are highly recurrent and specific in GCTB. The present study analyzed the clinical information and genomic sequencing data of eight cases of malignant GCTB (out of 384 bone sarcoma samples) using an anonymized genomic database.

Generating in vitro models of NTRK-fusion mesenchymal neoplasia as tools for investigating kinase oncogenic activation and response to targeted therapy.

The discovery of neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene fusions as pan-tumor oncogenic drivers has led to new personalized therapies in oncology. Recent studies investigating NTRK fusions among mesenchymal neoplasms have identified several emerging soft tissue tumor entities displaying various phenotypes and clinical behaviors. Among them, tumors resembling lipofibromatosis or malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors often harbor intra-chromosomal NTRK1 rearrangements, while most infantile fibrosarcomas are characterized by canonical ETV6::NTRK3 fusions.

Atypical Neurofibromatous Neoplasm with Uncertain Biologic Potential in the Posterior Mediastinum of a Young Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Case Report.

Atypical neurofibromatous neoplasm with unknown biological potential (ANNUBP), proposed in a recent NIH consensus overview, is a rare precursor entity of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patients. Only one report on imaging findings of ANNUBP is available. Herein, we present the case of a 19-year-old female, diagnosed with a mediastinal tumor by chance, who visited to our hospital.

Role of perioperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy for localized high-grade malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor at the extremities and trunk wall: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Primary tumor resection is the mainstay of treatment for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. However, the efficacy of perioperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors has not been elucidated.

Methods: This retrospective analysis based on a Japanese registry included patients with localized malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors arising at the extremities and trunk wall.

Preoperative arterial embolization and wound complications after resection of malignant bone tumor in the pelvis: a nationwide database study.

Background: Massive intraoperative blood loss is common in pelvic malignant bone tumor surgery, and preoperative arterial embolization may be used in selected cases. Preoperative arterial embolization reportedly increases wound complications in pelvic fracture surgery, but little evidence is available regarding pelvic bone tumor surgery.

Methods: Using a Japanese nationwide database (Diagnosis Procedure Combination database), we searched for patients who underwent pelvic malignant bone tumor surgery between July 2010 and March 2018.

Clinical characteristics of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of bone and the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on the affected patients: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Clinical characteristics of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of bone are not elucidated. Herein, we clarify its clinical features and analyze the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of bone.

Methods: Prognostic factors and estimated disease-specific survival in 247 patients with primary undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of bone were identified from a registry in Japan.

Role of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with localized, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of soft tissue: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Primary tumor resection is the mainstay of treatment for undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS); however, the necessity of adjuvant chemotherapy has been debated. We aimed to clarify the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival rates in patients with UPS with localized and resectable primary lesions.

Methods: This retrospective analysis included data of 2112 patients with localized UPS arising in the extremities and trunk, extracted from a registry in Japan.

Ruptured Emphysematous Prostatic Abscess Caused by K1-ST23 Hypervirulent Presenting as Brain Abscesses: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Emphysematous prostatic abscess (EPA) is an extremely rare but potentially fatal urinary tract infection (UTI). Here, we describe a case (a 69-year-old male with prediabetes) of ruptured EPA caused by a hypervirulent (hvKp) K1-ST23 strain, presenting as motor aphasia. Our patient presented with ruptured EPA concurrent with various severe systemic pyogenic complications (e.

Impact of the national sarcoma guidelines on the prevalence and outcome of inadvertent excisions of soft tissue sarcomas: An observational study from a UK tertiary referral centre.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the impact of the national guideline on the prevalence and outcome in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) who had undergone inadvertent excisions.

Methods: A total of 2336 patients were referred to a tertiary sarcoma centre from six regions (North East, North West, East Midlands, West Midlands, Wales, and South West) in the United Kingdom with a diagnosis of STS between 1996 and 2016, of whom 561 patients (24.0%) had undergone inadvertent excisions.