Long-term functional and quality of life outcomes after cementless minimally invasive extendable endoprosthesis replacement in skeletally immature patients with bone sarcomas at the lower limb : a Japanese Musculoskeletal Oncology Group (JMOG) study.

Aims: Extendable endoprostheses are utilized to reconstruct segmental defects following resection of bone sarcomas in skeletally immature children. However, there remains a paucity of data regarding long-term functional and quality of life outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, multicentre study and reviewed 45 children who underwent cementless minimally invasive extendable endoprosthetic replacement.

Voriconazole-induced periostitis in a child with finger pain and nodules: case report and literature review.

Background: Voriconazole-induced periostitis is predominantly reported in adults, with pediatric cases being exceedingly rare.

Case Presentation: This report describes an 8-year-old boy with voriconazole-induced periostitis presenting with finger pain and nodules, initially suspected to be bone tumors. The patient had been on voriconazole for two years and seven months to treat Aspergillus pneumonia and had been hospitalized for six months due to chronic graft-versus-host disease following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and total body irradiation for severe congenital neutropenia.

The utility of apparent diffusion coefficient maps for evaluating chemotherapy response and prognosis in osteosarcoma.

Background: Assessing the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy is crucial for determining surgical treatment strategies and optimizing personalized postoperative care in osteosarcoma patients. The apparent diffusion coefficient, derived from diffusion-weighted imaging, reflects tumor aggressiveness; however, its role in evaluating neoadjuvant chemotherapy response remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of apparent diffusion coefficient maps in assessing chemotherapy-induced necrosis and prognosis in osteosarcoma.

Clinical outcome of patients with soft tissue sarcoma after bone metastases: Tokai musculoskeletal oncology consortium study.

Background: Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are a diverse group of rare malignant tumors accounting for <1% of all human tumors. Almost 50% of patients with STS develop metastatic disease, mainly within 3 years of initial diagnosis. Lung metastasis occurs in 20%-30% of STS cases, while bone metastasis is rare.

Natural course of patients diagnosed with nodular fasciitis.

Background: Nodular fasciitis (NF) shrinks spontaneously; however, few reports have focused on its self-regression. This study investigated NF shrinkage.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 55 patients with NF who visited Nagoya University Hospital.

Prognostic value of symptom burden as a simple patient-reported outcome measure in older patients with heart failure.

This study was performed to investigate the prognostic value of assessing symptom burden using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) in older patients with Heart Failure (HF). This prospective cohort study was performed in consecutive patients ≥ 60 years old hospitalized with HF at a university hospital between September 2020 and June 2023. ESAS was used to assess nine common symptoms at hospital discharge (total score: 0-90) with higher scores indicating greater severity.

Oncological Outcomes and Postoperative Complications for Localized Soft Tissue Sarcomas of the Extremities and Trunk Wall in Patients Aged 85 Years or Older.

Objectives: The management of soft tissue sarcoma in patients aged ≥ 85 years remains a clinical dilemma, as evidence to guide treatment decisions in this population is limited. Here, we aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of patients aged ≥ 85 years who underwent surgery with those who did not, to identify factors influencing surgical decision-making. We also assessed the oncological outcomes and postoperative complications in the patients.

Functional analysis and the importance of ligament reconstruction after soft tissue sarcoma surgery around the knee joint -a Tokai musculoskeletal oncology consortium study.

Background: Surgery for soft tissue sarcoma (STS) around the knee joint often requires extensive tissue resection, leading to significant functional impairment. This study aimed to evaluate knee function following surgery for STS around the knee joint and to assess the importance of ligament reconstruction in cases where the collateral ligaments were excised.

Methods: We included 63 patients treated surgically at eight hospitals participating in the Tokai Musculoskeletal Oncology Consortium between 2008 and 2019.

Efficacy and safety of selumetinib in adults with neurofibromatosis type 1 and symptomatic, inoperable plexiform neurofibromas (KOMET): a multicentre, international, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel, double-blind, phase 3 study.

Background: Currently, no worldwide approved therapies exist for adults with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and symptomatic, inoperable plexiform neurofibromas. The KOMET study aimed to evaluate selumetinib (ARRY-142886, AZD6244) efficacy and safety in this population.

Methods: This ongoing multicentre, international, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3, parallel, double-blind trial randomly assigned adults with NF1-plexiform neurofibroma 1:1 to 28-day cycles of oral selumetinib 25 mg/m twice daily, or placebo with crossover to selumetinib at confirmed radiological progression or the end of cycle 12.

Clinical factors associated with valgus knee deformities in patients with multiple osteochondromas.

Multiple osteochondromas (MO) occur in approximately 1 in 50,000 people/yr. One in 3 patients with MO will develop valgus knee deformity (VKD), but the predictive factors for VKD are unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors associated with VKD in patients with MO.

Methotrexate, Doxorubicin, and Cisplatin Versus Methotrexate, Doxorubicin, and Cisplatin + Ifosfamide in Poor Responders to Preoperative Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed High-Grade Osteosarcoma (JCOG0905): A Multicenter, Open-Label, Randomized Trial.

Purpose: Our previous NECO phase II studies on high-grade osteosarcoma suggested that administering ifosfamide (IF; 16 g/m [4g/m once on day 1, then 2g/m once on days 2-7] × six) to patients showing a poor response (PrRsp) to preoperative chemotherapy with methotrexate, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MAP) improves their prognoses. In this Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) study, JCOG0905, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of IF in patients with PrRsp.

Methods: JCOG0905 is a multicenter, open-label, multi-institutional, randomized trial.

Comparative surgical invasiveness of internal fixation for pathological fractures in metastatic bone disease versus traumatic fractures: a quantitative analysis of operative time and blood loss.

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to compare the surgical invasiveness of internal fixation for pathological fractures caused by metastatic bone tumors with that for traumatic fractures. The secondary aim was to identify factors contributing to the complexity of surgeries for metastatic bone disease and provide insights for improving surgical strategies by analyzing operative time and blood loss.

Methods: Patients undergoing internal fixation for femoral fractures at 10 institutions between January 2021 and December 2023 were included.

Prognostic impact of preoperative cachexia in patients undergoing major hepatopancreatobiliary surgery for malignancy.

Background & Aims: Data regarding the association between cachexia and clinical outcomes in hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) malignancies are limited. This retrospective study sought to investigate the prognostic significance of preoperative cachexia in patients undergoing major HPB surgery for malignancies.

Methods: Data from patients, who underwent major open surgery for HPB malignancies between March 2014 and December 2018, were retrospectively reviewed.

Analysis of accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks in mouse tissues by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.

Double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) are among the most cytotoxic DNA lesions, which can lead to chromosomal instability and eventually cell death. The substances that can potentially induce DSB formation are thus regarded as genotoxic. To date, many genotoxicity tests for detecting DNA breaks have been designed.

Predictive variables for intraoperative blood loss and surgical time in resection of malignant soft tissue tumors without reconstruction.

Background: Procedural techniques such as dissection and separation of blood vessels or nerves from the tumor for preserving limbs and functions involves high surgical difficulty. We hypothesized the relation of vessel and/or nerve preservation to surgical time and blood loss, accurately reflecting surgical difficulty. In this study, we elucidated the variables affecting surgical time and intraoperative bleeding in patients with malignant soft tissue tumors who did not undergo any reconstruction after tumor resection.

Activated cardiac fibroblasts are a primary source of high-molecular-weight hyaluronan production.

During acute myocardial infarction, the composition of the extracellular matrix changes remarkably. One of the most notable changes in the extracellular matrix is in the accumulation of collagen; however, hyaluronan rivals collagen in its abundance. Yet, the extent to which specific cells and enzymes may contribute to such accumulation has been largely unexplored.

Implant failure of the Compress prosthesis: a case report.

Background: The Compress is designed to achieve bone formation and stability by applying pressure at the bone-implant interface, minimizing the likelihood of aseptic loosening, which is a complication of stem implants. Herein, we report two cases of implant failure using the Compress.

Case Presentation: Case 1 describes a 36 year-old Japanese man who underwent extraarticular tumor resection, Compress arthroplasty, and reconstruction with a gastrocnemius flap after preoperative chemotherapy for a secondary malignant giant cell tumor in the right distal femur.

An Advanced Sensing Approach to Biological Toxins with Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy Based on Their Unique Protein Quaternary Structures.

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), ricin, and many other biological toxins are called AB toxins possessing heterogeneous A and B subunits. We propose herein a quick and safe sensing approach to AB toxins based on their unique quaternary structures. The proposed approach utilizes IgG antibodies against their A-subunits in combination with those human cell-membrane glycolipids that act as the natural ligands of B-subunits.

Selumetinib for symptomatic, inoperable plexiform neurofibromas in pediatric patients with neurofibromatosis type 1: the first single-center real-world case series in Japan.

Objective: In Japan, selumetinib is used in pediatric patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and symptomatic inoperable plexiform neurofibroma (PN). However, there have been no real-world reports on Japanese patients. In this study, we reported a single-center, short-term experience with selumetinib after its approval in Japan.

Clinical Features and Postoperative Mobilization following Total Aortic Arch Replacement.

Open thoracic aortic surgery is believed to necessitate more intensive rehabilitation. This study aimed to compare the progress of postoperative rehabilitation between standard and delayed mobilization. A retrospective review was conducted on 199 patients who underwent isolated total aortic arch replacement via median sternotomy.

Efficacy and Safety of Auranofin for Progressive Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis: The Study Protocol of an Open-Label Phase II Trial.

Background As desmoid-type fibromatosis (DF) exhibits a high recurrence rate after surgery, initial active surveillance followed by medical therapy is the mainstay of the treatment. However, there are few effective drugs with acceptable side effects. Methodology Among drugs that have been used for a long period and possess a known safety profile, auranofin was observed to be effective in suppressing DF using the drug repositioning method in our laboratory.

Japanese orthopaedic association (JOA) clinical practice guideline on the management of primary malignant bone tumors - Secondary publication.

Background: In Japan, there are currently no general guidelines for the treatment of primary malignant bone tumors. Therefore, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association established a committee to develop guidelines for the appropriate diagnosis and treatment of primary malignant bone tumors for medical professionals in clinical practice.

Methods: The guidelines were developed in accordance with "Minds Clinical Practice Guideline Development Handbook 2014″ and "Minds Clinical Practice Guideline Development Manual 2017".

The impact of goal-directed prehabilitation therapy on functional capacity in patients undergoing hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Emerging evidence has supported the idea that goal-directed prehabilitation is a promising approach to boost functional capacity in preoperative patients. However, its usefulness has not been tested in the hepatobiliary and pancreatic fields. The objective of this trial was to investigate the efficacy of goal-directed prehabilitation for improving functional capacity in patients who were planned to undergo major hepatobiliary and pancreatic operations.

Financial burden of surgical treatment for retroperitoneal sarcoma.

Purposes: The purpose of this study was to compare the financial burden of surgery for retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) and gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: All patients who underwent surgery for GC or RPS between 2020 and 2021 at Nagoya University Hospital were included. The clinical characteristics, surgical fees per surgeon, and surgical fees per hour were compared between the two groups.