Effects of routes, concentrations and genetic polymorphisms on posaconazole-tacrolimus interactions in allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation.

There is no prospective research on factors influencing posaconazole (PSCZ)-tacrolimus (TAC) interactions. This prospective observational study analysed 30 allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation recipients: 19 started PSCZ while receiving oral (n = 10) or intravenous (IV) TAC (n = 9) and 11 switched from IV to oral TAC during PSCZ administration. Following PSCZ initiation, the median TAC dose reductions were 45% for oral and 39% for IV TAC.

Insights into very elderly multiple myeloma treatment from Kansai Myeloma Forum.

Background: With the aging population, there is a growing need for treating multiple myeloma (MM) in elderly patients; however, real-world studies of them are quite limited.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 519 patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2020 in the Kansai Myeloma Forum database to evaluate the efficacy and safety of novel agents available for 80 years and older patients with MM. Patients were divided into groups according to the treatment year: up to 2010 (Group 1), 2011-2015 (Group 2), and 2016-2020 (Group 3).

Synchronous cancers including parathyroid carcinoma with urinary calculus as the initial sign.

Hyperparathyroidism with urinary calculus as the initial symptom is common; however, carcinomas of the parathyroid gland are rare. Moreover, synchronous cancers have rarely been reported. A man in his 50s presented to our hospital with a 1-month history of left lumbar back pain.

[Retrospective Analysis of Bortezomib or Lenalidomide for Very Elderly Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma].

In elderly patients aged≥80 with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma(NDMM), the optimal initial doses of bortezomib (Bor)and lenalidomide(Len)remain unclear. We performed a retrospective analysis that included 20 patients with NDMM aged≥80 years who underwent treatment with Bor or Len at our hospital from July 2010 to December 2019. Among the patients treated with Bor, the median time to next treatment(TTNT)was 4.

Efficacy and safety of low-dose imatinib in an elderly patient with mixed phenotype acute leukemia with t(9;22)(q34;q11.2);BCR-ABL1.

Low-dose imatinib with monitoring of drug concentrations in blood may successfully control Philadelphia chromosome-positive mixed phenotype acute leukemia (Ph+MPAL), particularly in elderly patients with comorbidities.

Identification of l-histidine oxidase activity in Achromobacter sp. TPU 5009 for l-histidine determination.

An enzyme showing l-histidine oxidase (HisO) activity by the formation of hydrogen peroxide was newly purified from Achromobacter sp. TPU 5009. This enzyme was found to be a heterodimer of two proteins (molecular mass, 53.

Impact of airflow obstruction on long-term mortality in patients with asthma in Japan.

Background: The long-term prognosis of asthma with airflow obstruction is poorly understood in Japan. The aim of this retrospective 26-year study was to investigate the long-term mortality risk of airflow obstruction in asthmatics.

Methods: Using data from the Omuta City Air Pollution-related Health Damage Cohort Program, mortality risk ratios of airflow obstruction in Japanese Individuals were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards models.

Lipohyperplasia of the ileocaecal valve.

A 54-year old woman presented to the emergency department with a 7-day history of recurrent abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a classic 'target sign' in the axial and sagittal view of the transverse colon, and a fat-density tumour with a pedicle in the coronal view. A diagnosis of intestinal intussusception was made.

Preventive effect of kampo medicine (hangeshashin-to, TJ-14) plus minocycline against afatinib-induced diarrhea and skin rash in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: Diarrhea and oral mucositis induced by afatinib can cause devastating quality of life issues for patients undergoing afatinib treatment. Several studies have shown that hangeshashin-to (TJ-14) might be useful for chemotherapy-induced diarrhea and oral mucositis. In this study, we investigated the prophylactic effects of TJ-14 for afatinib-induced diarrhea and oral mucositis and minocycline for afatinib-induced skin rash.

[A CASE OF PULMONARY FLARE-UP TUBERCULOSIS WITH AN ESOPHAGO-BRONCHIAL FISTULAS AFTER CHEMORADIOTHERAPY FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER].

We present a case of a 59-year-old man with pulmonary tuberculosis and esophago-bronchial fistulas after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for esophageal cancer. A lung nodule was detected in the right upper lobe and diagnosed as an inactive old inflammatory tumor by several examinations, including bronchoscopy. He was admitted to our hospital because of dysphagia 3 months later.

Phase I study of carboplatin combined with pemetrexed for elderly patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of carboplatin plus pemetrexed for elderly patients (≥75 years) with chemotherapy-naïve advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods: Patients received escalated doses of carboplatin at an area under the concentration-time curve of 4 (Level 1) or 5 (Level 2) plus pemetrexed (500 mg/m(2)) every 3 weeks for a maximum of six cycles. Dose escalation was decided according to whether dose-limiting toxicity occurred in the first cycle of chemotherapy.

Feasibility re-evaluation of 75 mg/m² docetaxel in Japanese patients with previously treated non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to re-evaluate the feasibility of docetaxel at doses of up to 75 mg/m² in Japanese patients with previously treated non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods: Patients received escalated doses of docetaxel at 70 mg/m² (level 1) or 75 mg/m² (level 2) every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicities. Dose escalation was decided on the basis of dose-limiting toxicity in the first cycle of chemotherapy.

Clinical practice in management of hydration for lung cancer patients receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy in Japan: a questionnaire survey.

A questionnaire survey was performed to investigate the actual hydration methods used with cisplatin-containing regimens at various institutions in Japan to gain an overview of the varieties employed. Replies were received from 368 of 686 institutions board-certified by the Japanese Respiratory Society. In 233 institutions (63%), new lung cancer patients were treated regularly with regimens containing cisplatin at ≥60 mg/m2.