A segmentation method for oral CBCT image based on Segment Anything Model and semi-supervised teacher-student model.

Background: Accurate segmentation of oral cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images is essential for research and clinical diagnosis. However, irregular and blurred tooth boundaries in CBCT images complicate the labeling of oral tissues, and insufficient labeled samples further limit the generalization ability of segmentation models. The Segment Anything Model (SAM) demonstrates strong generalization and segmentation accuracy across diverse tasks as a vision foundation model.

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1/Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Feedback Loop Mediates Anti-inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated Astrocytes to Dampen Inflammatory Neurotoxicity.

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates cell immune responses in a cell type-specific and ligand-dependent manner. In the central nervous system, astrocytic AhR plays important roles in regulating neuroinflammation by mediating responses to endogenous ligands generated from the inflammation-induced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1)/kynurenine (KYN) pathway. We previously demonstrated that reduction of AhR expression decreases lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory responses in microglia.

Cost-effectiveness of toripalimab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer in China: a societal perspective.

Background: To investigate the cost-effectiveness of toripalimab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients from a societal perspective.

Methods: A partitioned-survival model estimated the costs and cost-effectiveness of toripalimab plus chemotherapy versus standard chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC over 20 years. Clinical data were derived from the CHOICE-01 trial, and cost and utility inputs were gathered from Yaozh.

AKT1-Mediated NOTCH1 phosphorylation promotes gastric cancer progression via targeted regulation of IRS-1 transcription.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate that AKT1-Mediated NOTCH1 phosphorylation promotes gastric cancer (GC) progression via targeted regulation of IRS-1 transcription.

Methods: The study utilized databases such as PhosphositePlus, TRANSFAC, CHEA, GPS 5.0, and TCGA, along with experimental techniques including Western Blot, co-IP, in vitro kinase assay, construction of lentiviral overexpression and silencing vectors, immunoprecipitation, modified proteomics, immunofluorescence, ChIP-PCR, EdU assay, Transwell assay, and scratch assay to investigate the effects of AKT1-induced Notch1 phosphorylation on cell proliferation, invasion and migration in vitro, as well as growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vivo.

Cost-effectiveness of first-line systemic therapies for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aims: To examine the cost-effectiveness of first-line systemic therapies recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma (uHCC) from the US social and payer's perspective.

Methods: A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted using a three-state partitioned survival model to assess the cost-effectiveness of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab, tremelimumab plus durvalumab, durvalumab, lenvatinib and sorafenib as first-line treatments for uHCC. Clinical efficacy was derived from a published network meta-analysis.

FKBP51 is involved in LPS-induced microglial activation via NF-κB signaling to mediate neuroinflammation.

Aims: FKBP5 encodes FKBP51, which has been implicated in stress-related psychiatric disorders, and its expression is often increased under chronic stress, contributing to mental dysfunctions. However, the precise role of FKBP51 in brain inflammation remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of FKBP51 in microglia-mediated inflammatory responses in the central nervous system.

Reducing brain Aβ burden ameliorates high-fat diet-induced fatty liver disease in APP/PS1 mice.

High-fat diet (HFD)-induced fatty liver disease is a deteriorating risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mitigating fatty liver disease has been shown to attenuate AD-like pathology in animal models. However, it remains unclear whether enhancing Aβ clearance through immunotherapy would in turn attenuate HFD-induced fatty liver or whether its efficacy would be compromised by long-term exposure to HFD.

The ZmNF-YC1-ZmAPRG pathway modulates low phosphorus tolerance in maize.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and yield. Low phosphate use efficiency makes it important to clarify the molecular mechanism of low P stress. In our previous studies, a P efficiency gene ZmAPRG was identified.

Salt Tolerant Gene 1 contributes to salt tolerance by maintaining photosystem II activity in maize.

Salt stress is a major environmental factor limiting crop growth and productivity. Here, we show that Salt-Tolerant Gene 1 (ZmSTG1) contributes to salt tolerance by maintaining photosystem activity in maize. ZmSTG1 encodes an endoplasmic reticulum localized protein and retrotransposon insertion in the promoter region causes differential expression levels in maize inbred lines.

Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of immune-related eRNAs associated with prognosis and immune microenvironment in melanoma.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) play key roles in cancers. Identification of immune-related eRNAs (ireRNAs) in melanoma can provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying its genesis and progression, along with potential therapeutic targets.

Aim: To establish an ireRNA-related prognostic signature for melanoma and identify potential drug candidates.

FKBP51 mediates resilience to inflammation-induced anxiety through regulation of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 expression in mouse hippocampus.

Background: Inflammation is a potential risk factor of mental disturbance. FKBP5 that encodes FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51), a negative cochaperone of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), is a stress-inducible gene and has been linked to psychiatric disorders. Yet, the role of FKBP51 in the inflammatory stress-associated mental disturbance remained unclear.

Identification of the RP11-21C4.1/SVEP1 gene pair associated with FAT2 mutations as a potential biomarker in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Despite rapid advances in systemic therapy, GC remains the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. We aimed to identify a novel prognostic signature associated with FAT2 mutations in GC.

Long noncoding RNA taurine-up regulated gene 1 for the prognosis of osteosarcoma: A protocol for meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis.

Background: In recent years, a variety of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been confirmed to be involved in the initiation and progression of osteosarcoma. Taurine-up regulated gene 1 (TUG1) plays an important role in the formation, invasion, and metastasis of osteosarcoma. Therefore, perhaps TUG1 is a potential biomarker for the prognosis of patients suffering from osteosarcoma.

Correction to: Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition Attenuates Excitotoxicity Involving 14,15-Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid-Mediated Astrocytic Survival and Plasticity to Preserve Glutamate Homeostasis.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The authors observed inadvertent error in Fig. 7d, in which the image of the GFAP/DAPI in the WT saline treated mice was rotated left 90-degree by mistake.

Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition Attenuates Excitotoxicity Involving 14,15-Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid-Mediated Astrocytic Survival and Plasticity to Preserve Glutamate Homeostasis.

Astrocytes play pivotal roles in regulating glutamate homeostasis at tripartite synapses. Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEHi) provides neuroprotection by blocking the degradation of 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-EET), a lipid mediator whose synthesis can be activated downstream from group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) signaling in astrocytes. However, it is unclear how sEHi regulates glutamate excitotoxicity.

Cullin 7 mediates proteasomal and lysosomal degradations of rat Eag1 potassium channels.

Mammalian Eag1 (Kv10.1) potassium (K) channels are widely expressed in the brain. Several mutations in the gene encoding human Eag1 K channel have been associated with congenital neurodevelopmental anomalies.

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor mediates both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia.

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) regulates peripheral immunity; but its role in microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in the brain remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that AhR mediates both anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated microglia. Activation of AhR by its ligands, formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ) or 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC), attenuated LPS-induced microglial immune responses.

The potential role of heat shock proteins in acute spinal cord injury.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the differential expression proteins profile of spinal cord tissues after acute spinal cord injury (ASCI), provide preliminary results for further study and explore the secondary injury mechanisms underlying ASCI.

Methods: Using Allen's frame to establish ASCI model of Sprague-Dawley rats, then a stable isotope-labelled strategy using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) coupled with two-dimensional (2D) liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (2D LC-MS/MS) was performed to separate and identify differentially expressed proteins.

Results: A total of 220 differentially expressed proteins were identified in the spinal cord tissues of H-8 group (acute spinal cord injury after 8 h) compared with H-0 group (acute spinal cord injury after 0 h); Up to 116 proteins were up-regulated, whereas 104 proteins were down-regulated in the spinal cord tissues.

Diagnostic value of alpha-L-fucosidase for hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the primary marker for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and has been used widely in the clinic, but AFP is a biomarker characterized by poor sensitivity and specificity. Alpha-L-fucosidase (AFU) has been proposed as a tumor marker for diagnosis of HCC in many studies. However, conclusions of its diagnostic value are inconsistent.