Activation of peripheral group III metabotropic glutamate receptors suppressed formalin-induced nociception.

Intraplantar injection of formalin produces persistent spontaneous nociception and hyperalgesia. The underlying mechanism, however, remains unclear. The present study was, therefore, designed to determine the roles of peripheral group III metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in formalin-evoked spontaneous nociception.

[Effects of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of hippocampus on depression-like behaviors in WKY rats].

Objective: To observe the effects of the neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus on depression-like behaviors in adult Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats.

Methods: There were three groups in total (n = 10): ① the control (Wistar) group: 9-week-old Wistar rats were treated with saline for 3 weeks (10 mg/kg, intragastric administration); ② the depression model (WKY) group: WKY rats of the same age, tested for depression-like behaviors, were as a rat model of depression, and were treated with saline for 3 weeks (10 mg/kg, intragastric administration); ③ the positive control (AMI+WKY) group: WKY rats of the same age were treated with amitriptyline for 3 weeks (10 mg/kg, intragastric administration). The neurogenesis in hippocampus was detected by immunofluorescence staining for Ki67 (a neuronal proliferation marker) and DCX (an immature neuronal marker).