Leveraging Aging Service Providers to Support Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression in Homebound Older Adults: Protocol for a Type 1 Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Homebound older adults face a high burden of depression and substantial barriers to accessing mental health treatments. Few interventions address their specific needs. Empower@Home, an internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy program, was co-designed with stakeholders and tailored to older adults.

Tossing and Turning Together: A Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis of Sleep Interdependence Among Care Dyads.

Objectives: Care recipients and caregivers share similar stressors and living environments and may thus present concordance in health-related outcomes, yet their sleep interdependence remains understudied. This study examined sleep interdependence among care dyads.

Methods: Longitudinal data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study and National Study of Caregiving were analyzed, including 2,204 dyads (2015 baseline; 2017 follow-up).

Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy with Layperson Support: A mixed-Methods Evaluation of Empower@Home.

Objectives: This study evaluates Empower@Home, an older adult-centered, layperson-supported internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) program for depression using a concurrent mixed-methods design.

Methods: Adults aged 50+ with at least mild depressive symptoms enrolled in the program and were assessed pre- and post-treatment ( = 224). A subset participated in qualitative interviews post-treatment ( = 148).

Functional Disability and Depressive Symptoms in Middle-Aged and Older Couples: A Dyadic Examination of Bidirectional Influences and Temporal Dynamics.

ObjectivesThis study examines the bidirectional influences between functional disability and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older couples, emphasizing the temporal dynamics and co-development of partners' experiences.MethodsLongitudinal data were drawn from the (2002-2020), focusing on married couples ( = 4109 couples). Dyadic cross-lagged panel models and latent trajectory analyses were employed.

AI Applications to Reduce Loneliness Among Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Effectiveness and Technologies.

Loneliness among older adults is a prevalent issue, significantly impacting their quality of life and increasing the risk of physical and mental health complications. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in behavioral interventions offers a promising avenue to overcome challenges in designing and implementing interventions to reduce loneliness by enabling personalized and scalable solutions. This study systematically reviews the AI-enabled interventions in addressing loneliness among older adults, focusing on the effectiveness and underlying technologies used.

Feasibility and Acceptability of a Remote Group Intervention for Depression, Social Isolation, and Loneliness in Older Adults.

Objectives: This mixed-methods study examines the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary effect of a novel, remotely delivered group intervention (Empower@Home: Connected) targeting depression, social isolation, and loneliness in older adults (≥ 60).

Methods: Acceptability was assessed via participant satisfaction, and feasibility was measured by attrition rates and session attendance. Participants completed pre- and posttest measures of depression, social isolation, and loneliness, with depression also assessed biweekly.

Older Adults Experience with a Layperson-Supported Digital Mental Health Intervention for Depression: Qualitative Insights on Engagement.

Objectives: This qualitative study examines the experiences of older adults with Empower@Home, an older adult-centered, layperson-supported internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) program for depression, with a focus on engagement-related factors.

Methods: Adults aged 50 or older with at least mild depressive symptoms were recruited from multiple resources. A random subset of participants was invited for a semi-structured qualitative interview during a post-intervention assessment conducted over the phone ( = 148).

Activity Limitations and Depression Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China: The Moderating Impact of Assistance Adequacy.

This study aimed to examine the risk and protective factors associated with depression in middle-aged and older Chinese adults with activity limitations. Data were obtained from the 2018 Wave 4 Survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. In the logistic regression analysis, health and functioning, losing a child, and a perceived lack of future assistance with daily activities increased the odds of depression.

Layperson-Supported, Web-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression in Older Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Depression is the most prevalent mental health condition in older adults. However, not all evidence-based treatments are easily accessible. Web-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (wCBT) facilitated by laypersons is a viable treatment alternative.

Evaluation of the Current State of Chatbots for Digital Health: Scoping Review.

Background: Chatbots have become ubiquitous in our daily lives, enabling natural language conversations with users through various modes of communication. Chatbots have the potential to play a significant role in promoting health and well-being. As the number of studies and available products related to chatbots continues to rise, there is a critical need to assess product features to enhance the design of chatbots that effectively promote health and behavioral change.

Web-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression Among Homebound Older Adults: Development and Usability Study.

Background: Homebound older adults are a high-risk group for depression. However, many of them face barriers to accessing evidence-supported mental health treatments. Digital mental health interventions can potentially improve treatment access, but few web-based interventions are explicitly tailored for depression in older adults.

All-trans retinoic acid regulates the expression of MMP-2 and TGF-β2 RDH5 in retinal pigment epithelium cells.

Aim: To investigate the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on retinol dehydrogenase 5 (RDH5), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) transcription levels, and the effect of RDH5 on MMP-2 and TGF-β2 in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells.

Methods: After adult RPE cell line-19 (ARPE-19 cells) intervened with gradient concentrations of ATRA (0-20 µmol/L) for 24h, flow cytometry was used to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of cells in each group, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect RDH5, MMP-2 and TGF-β2 mRNA expression. Then, after ARPE-19 cells transfected with three different siRNA targets for 48h, the RDH5 knockdown efficiency of each group and expression of MMP-2 and TGF-β2 mRNA within them was detected by qRT-PCR.

The Mechanosensitive Piezo1 Channel Mediates Mechanochemical Transmission in Myopic Eyes.

Purpose: To identify the expression of the mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 in the retina of guinea pigs with form deprivation myopia (FDM) and to investigate mechanisms by which Piezo1 channels might regulate myopia.

Method: Sixty 3-week-old guinea pigs were divided into four groups randomly: normal control, FDM, FDM + vehicle control (DMSO), and FDM + Piezo1 inhibitor (GsMTx4). Measurements of spherical equivalent (SE) and axial length (AL) of the guinea pig were taken using retinoscopy and A-scan ultrasound examination, respectively.

Optimization of Physical Refining Process of Camellia Oil for Reduction of 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-Diol (3-MCPD) Ester Formation Using Response Surface Methodology on a Laboratory Scale.

Refined and deodorized camellia oil has been reported to contain a high amount of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters (3-MCPDE) due to the high-temperature deodorization step. To reduce 3-MCPDE in camellia oil, the physical refining process of camellia oil was simulated on a laboratory scale. Response surface methodology (RSM) was designed to modify and optimize the refining process with five processing parameters (water degumming dosage, degumming temperature, activated clay dosage, deodorization temperature and deodorization time).

The Reciprocal Relationship of Physical Capacity and Mental Health: A Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model Analysis.

This study investigates the mutual influence of mental health and physical capacity in older adults, considering potential gender differences. Data from 7,504 Medicare beneficiaries aged 65+ from the NHATS 2011-2015 surveys were analyzed using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model in Mplus. Results revealed moderate within-person effects of physical capacity on mental health (βt12 = -.

Layperson-Facilitated Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Homebound Older Adults With Depression: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Depression in older adults has serious biological, psychological, and social consequences. Homebound older adults experience a high burden of depression and significant barriers to accessing mental health treatments. Few interventions to address their specific needs have been developed.

Choline Intake and Cognitive Function Among U.S. Older Adults.

Choline is an essential nutrient affects brain development in early life. However, evidence is lacking regarding its potential neuroprotective effects in later life from community-based cohorts. This study assessed the relationship between choline intake and cognitive functioning in a sample of older adults 60 years + from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 waves ( = 2,796).

[Effects of straw mulching and phosphorus application on forms and availability of soil phosphorus in hilly dryland of Sichuan, China].

We conducted a two-factor split-plot experiment to examine the alteration of soil inorganic phosphorus forms and phosphorus availability under straw mulching and phosphorus fertilizer rates. The main factor was straw mulching and non-mulching, while the sub-factor was phosphorus supply rates, including 0, 75, and 120 kg·hm. We analyzed the characteristics of phosphorus adsorption-desorption, the content of inorganic phosphorus components and their relationship with available phosphorus in hilly upland purple soil in Sichuan.

Response of soil bacterial communities in wheat rhizosphere to straw mulching and N fertilization.

Straw mulching and N fertilization are effective in augmenting crop yields. Since their combined effects on wheat rhizosphere bacterial communities remain largely unknown, our aim was to assess how the bacterial communities respond to these agricultural measures. We studied wheat rhizosphere microbiomes in a split-plot design experiment with maize straw mulching (0 and 8,000 kg straw ha) as the main-plot treatment and N fertilization (0, 120 and 180 kg N ha) as the sub-plot treatment.

Risk assessment of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters through dietary exposure from edible oils for the Zhejiang population in China by Monte Carlo simulation.

The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of 3-monochoropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) esters from edible oils for the Zhejiang population in China. Exposure assessment of 3-MCPD esters was evaluated by Monte Carlo simulation based on the concentrations of 3-MCPD esters in edible oils combined with survey data on the eating habits of Chinese residents classified by age group and gender. The simulation results indicated that the mean daily intakes (CDI) of 3-MCPD esters for children 7-10 years old were 2.

The Relationship Between Volunteering and the Occurrence of Loneliness Among Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study with 12 Years of Follow-Up.

Informed by the social model of health promotion, this study examined the association between formal volunteering and the occurrence of loneliness among older adults over 12 years of follow-up and whether the association differs by gender. Data came from the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2018). The study sample included 5,000 individuals aged 60 and over who did not experience loneliness in 2006.

Childhood adversity and cognitive impairment in later life.

Objectives: This study examined the association between childhood adversity and cognitive impairment in later life and explored the potential moderation effect of gender and race.

Methods: The study sample included 15,133 participants of the Health and Retirement Study (1998-2016 surveys) who had complete data on key study measures and were more than 50. The outcome variable is a dichotomous indicator of cognitive impairment as assessed by the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status for self-respondents and the 16-item Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly for proxies.