Intratumoral microbial community profiling identifies clinicomolecular and prognostic subtypes of colorectal cancer liver metastasis.

Intratumoral microbiota are implicated in colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM), but their relationships with clinical characteristics and prognosis remain to be explored. Using 5R 16S rRNA gene sequencing method, we analyzed the intratumoral microbiota of patients with colorectal cancer with and without liver metastasis. CRLM patients were classified into three intratumoral microbial community subtypes (IMCSs).

Two Birds With One Stone: The Protective Role of the Antidiabetic Drug Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

The neuroprotective role of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) has attracted considerable interest. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of SGLT2i in several common neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Utilizing drug-target Mendelian randomization (MR) and colocalization, we used single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) proximal to the SLC5A2 gene to analyze the influence of SGLT2i on AD, PD, ALS, and MS.

Clinical and economic research of bone modifiers as adjuvant therapy for early breast cancer: A systematic literature review.

Background: Adjuvant bisphosphonate therapy is recommended by some guidelines for postmenopausal breast cancer, but its application is not ideal due to inconsistent study results and economic burden considerations. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of bone modifiers in breast cancer adjuvant treatment to inform clinical practice and health policy.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched using terms related to bone modifiers and breast cancer.

Construction and validation of a nomogram prediction model for antiviral efficacy based on clinical characteristics and intestinal microflora distribution in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Objective: To construct and validate a nomogram prediction model based on clinical characteristics and intestinal flora distribution in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Methods: Patients with chronic hepatitis B were divided into training set ( = 175) and verification set ( = 75) according to the ratio of 7:3 by complete random method. In the training set, multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for the failure of antiviral therapy and the nomogram prediction model was constructed.

Significance of Combined with SFRP2 and SDC2 Gene Methylation Detection in Early Screening of Colorectal Cancer.

This study aimed to explore the combined detection of secreted frizzled-related protein-2 (SFRP2), Syndecan-2 (SDC2), and (Fn) in fecal samples for early colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Public datasets were analyzed to evaluate the expression of SFRP2, SDC2, and Fn. The study included 30 pairs of tissue and 196 fecal samples.

Genetic Variants of and in the Glycolysis Pathway Independently Predict Survival of Patients with HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: Glycolysis is a group of metabolic processes that may alter tumor microenvironment to have effects on the growth and proliferation of tumor cells, including liver cancer. However, the effect of genetic variants in glycolysis pathway genes in survival of patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) remains unclear.

Methods: We employed multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses to estimate associations between genetic variants in 240 glycolysis pathway genes and overall survival (OS) of 866 patients with HBV-HCC, and we also used false positive report probability for multiple testing corrections.

The effect of 50 Hz magnetic fields on cellular sensitivity of mouse spermatogenic cell lines to hydrogen peroxide.

With the widespread application of electromagnetic technology, electromagnetic fields (EMFs) emitted from various electric and electronic devices have significantly altered the electromagnetic environment. This has raised concerns about the potential health impacts of EMFs. Previous studies have indicated that EMFs may influence male infertility, with oxidative stress proposed as a key factor; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Body mass index and clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients undergoing endocrine therapy: A meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: The relationship between breast cancer prognosis, Body Mass Index (BMI), and endocrine therapy outcomes remains inconclusive. This study examines BMI's impact on survival outcomes in breast cancer patients receiving endocrine therapy through Mendelian randomization (MR) and a comprehensive clinical data review.

Methods: A meta-analysis of clinical studies up to January 2024 investigated the association between obesity and the efficacy and safety of endocrine therapy.

Evaluation of changes in price, volume and expenditure of PD-1 drugs following the government reimbursement negotiation in China: a multiple-treatment period interrupted time series analysis.

Background: Government reimbursement negotiation (GRN) is an important policy tool to increase the accessibility of drugs. In China, the impact of GRN implementation on programmed death-1 (PD-1) drugs price, procurement volume, and expenditure is unknown.

Methods: This study used a multiple-treatment period interrupted time series design covering the period from the first-time recorded in Chinese Medical Economic Information database to 2022 to examine changes in hospital procurement price, volume and expenditure of PD-1 drugs after the implementation of GRN in China.

Cost-utility analysis of olaparib assisted targeted therapy for BRCA mutation HER2-negative early breast cancer in China and in the United States.

Background: Olaparib, an inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), has demonstrated promising outcomes in treating HER2-negative early-stage breast cancer with BRCA mutations. However, a comprehensive evaluation of its cost-effectiveness in the context of the United States and China has yet to be undertaken. This study seeks to fill this research void by performing a thorough cost-utility analysis.

Trifluridine/tipiracil induces ferroptosis by targeting p53 via the p53-SLC7A11 axis in colorectal cancer 3D organoids.

Trifluridine/Tipiracil (FTD/TPI, TAS102) has been approved for the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) for its promising anticancer activity enabled by its incorporation into double strands during DNA synthesis. However, the mechanisms underlying the anticancer targets of FTD/TPI remain not fully understood. Here we report our observation of the activation of ferroptosis in CRC by FTD/TPI.

Counterclockwise block-by-block knowledge distillation for neural network compression.

Model compression is a technique for transforming large neural network models into smaller ones. Knowledge distillation (KD) is a crucial model compression technique that involves transferring knowledge from a large teacher model to a lightweight student model. Existing knowledge distillation methods typically facilitate the knowledge transfer from teacher to student models in one or two stages.

Association of objective and subjective socioeconomic status with intrinsic capacity deficits among community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults in China: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Intrinsic capacity (IC), representing an individual's full range of physical and mental abilities, is influenced by objective socioeconomic status (SES); however, the impact of subjective SES remains unclear.

Objectives: This study aims to assess IC and investigate the relationship between SES and IC deficits, with a particular focus on the role of subjective SES.

Design: Cross-sectional study SETTING: 45 communities in two provinces in China PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults aged 50 and above MEASUREMENTS: IC was assessed following the Integrated Care for Older People guideline.

Multi-omics integration analysis of the amino-acid metabolism-related genes identifies putatively causal variants of ACCS associated with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma survival.

Background: Amino acid metabolism (AAM) reprogramming plays a crucial role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its genetic pathophysiology was not fully elucidated. Therefore, we employed a summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) approach to identify putative causal effects of the AAM-related genes on hepatitis B virus (HBV)-HCC survival via integrating multi-omics data.

Methods: Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate associations between genetic variants of AAM-related genes and overall survival (OS) of HBV-HCC patients (n = 866).

Comorbidity Patterns in Patients with First-Ever Acute Ischemic Stroke and Their Associations with Functional Outcomes.

Introduction: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is the most prevalent type of stroke, associated with a significant burden of functional impairments. About 94.2% of AIS patients present with multiple comorbidities, but how they affect AIS prognosis remains largely unknown.

A review of effects of electromagnetic fields on ageing and ageing dependent bioeffects of electromagnetic fields.

Thanks to the progress of science and technology, human life expectancy has dramatically increased in the past few decades, but accompanied by rapid ageing of population, resulting in increased burden on society. At the same time, the living environment, especially the electromagnetic environment, has also greatly changed due to science and technology advances. The effect of artificial electromagnetic fields (EMFs) emitted from power lines, mobile phones, wireless equipment, and other devices on ageing and ageing-related diseases are receiving increasing attention.

Improvement of Care Cascade for Hypertension and Diabetes in Rural China: Protocol for an Implementation Study.

The management of hypertension and diabetes poses significant challenges to China's healthcare system, necessitating seamless patient progression through screening, diagnosis, management, and control. Utilizing the care cascade model, this study aims to systematically identify patient drop-offs and devise strategies to address healthcare delivery bottlenecks for hypertension and diabetes in rural China. This study consists of three phases.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic, persistent, or recurrent cervical cancer (BEATcc).

Background: The addition of atezolizumab to bevacizumab plus platinum regimen has demonstrated notable improvements in treating metastatic, persistent, or recurrent cervical cancer, but its cost-effectiveness requires further investigation. From a US payer perspective, we aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and chemotherapy vs. standard chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for metastatic, persistent, or recurrent cervical cancer.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of selpercatinib versus chemotherapy and pembrolizumab in the first-line treatment of rearranged during transfection fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer in the United States.

Background: Although selpercatinib has shown clinical benefits for rearranged during transfection (RET) fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), its cost-effectiveness requires further evaluation.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of selpercatinib versus chemotherapy and pembrolizumab in the first-line treatment of RET fusion-positive NSCLC from the perspective of the United States (US) payer.

Method: A partitioned survival model was developed based on data from the LIBRETTO-431 trial.

Relationship between serum vitamin D levels and thyroid- and parathyroid-related diseases: a Mendelian randomisation study.

Previous studies have indicated an association between vitamin D and thyroid- and parathyroid-related diseases. However, it remains unclear whether it is a cause of the disease, a side effect of treatment or a consequence of the disease. The Mendelian randomisation (MR) study strengthens the causal inference by controlling for non-heritable environmental confounders and reverse causation.

Diagnostic and prognostic value of serum Cys-C, retinol-binding protein, and ischemia-modified albumin in patients with coronary heart disease: A diagnostic accuracy study.

The use of 3 biomarkers - cystatin-C (Cys-C), retinol-binding protein (RBP), and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) - for the clinical classification and outcome of coronary heart disease (CHD) has not been adequately evaluated. We explored the serum levels of these 3 markers and evaluated their diagnostic and prognostic values in patients with CHD. This retrospective case-control study, conducted between June 2017 and June 2018, included 201 patients with CHD hospitalized at the Henan Provincial People's Hospital and 127 healthy individuals from Henan Provincial People's Hospital as controls.

Associations of multiple carotenoid co-exposure with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in US adults: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Epidemiological evidence regarding circulating carotenoids and mortality risk remains conflicting, and most studies focus on the impact of individual carotenoids. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of co-exposure to multiple serum carotenoids on mortality risk.

Methods: We enrolled 22,472 participants aged ≥20 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988-1994) and NHANES 2003-2006.