Mechanism through which the hsa-circ_0000992- hsa- miR- 936-AKT3 regulatory network promotes the PM-induced inflammatory response in human bronchial epithelial cells.

Background: Studies have shown that fine particulate matter (PM) remains a significant problem in developing countries and plays a critical role in the onset and progression of respiratory illnesses. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in many pathophysiological processes,but their relationship to PM pollution is largely unexplored.

Objectives: To elucidate the functional role of hsa_circ_0000992 in PM-induced inflammation in a human bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE) and to clarify whether the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism is involved in the interrelationships between hsa_circ_0000992 and hsa-miR-936 and the inflammatory signaling pathways.

lncRNA AABR07005593.1 potentiates PM-induced interleukin-6 expression by targeting MCCC1.

Background: Fine particle pollution, specifically pollution by fine particulate matter (PM), remains a significant concern in developing countries and plays an important role in the development and progression of respiratory diseases. Increasing evidences have demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may act as vital molecules by binding to specific RNA-binding protein (RBP); however, their relationship with PM pollution is largely unexplored.

Objective: We investigated the association between lncRNA and respiratory system inflammation caused by PM.

PM-inducible long non-coding RNA (NONHSAT247851.1) is a positive regulator of inflammation through its interaction with raf-1 in HUVECs.

Several studies have demonstrated that PM inhalation is associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease (CVD), in which inflammation plays an important role. The mechanisms of this disease are not fully understood to date. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in many pathophysiological processes, such as immune responses; however, their functions associated with inflammation are largely unexplored.

LncRNA LOC101927514 regulates PM-driven inflammation in human bronchial epithelial cells through binding p-STAT3 protein.

Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) may cause or exacerbate many diseases, including respiratory inflammation. However, the full mechanism is not yet fully understood. The newly discovered long chain non-coding RNA, though unable to encode proteins, regulates multiple life activities and participates in the development of inflammation.

[Effect of Qingluo Tongbi Compound on Osteoclast Differentiation-related mIRNA Expressions in Adjuvant Induced Arthritis Rats].

Objective To observe the effect of Qingluo Tongbi Compound (QTC) on osteoclast dif- ferentiation-related miRNA expressions in adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA) rats, and to study its mecha- nism for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods The synovial fibroblasts and monocytes of peripher- al blood from AIA rats were co-cultured to induce osteoclast-like cells. Differently expressed miRNAs in the late stage osteoclasts differentiation were detected by miRCURY™ Array.

[Effect of schistosomiasis control in Jingzhou City from 2009 to 2013].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of schistosomiasis control in Jingzhou City of Hubei Province from 2009 to 2013, so as to provide the reference for the establishment of control strategy in the future.

Methods: The annual reports on schistosomiasis control from 2009 to 2013 in nine counties (cities, districts) in Jingzhou City were collected and analyzed sta- tistically.

Results: The estimated number of schistosomiasis patients in Jingzhou City dropped from 78 903 in 2009 to 28 034 in 2013, with a reduction rate of 63.

[Classification and grading of environments with Oncomelania hupensis snails inside embankment of marshland and lake areas].

Objective: To classify and grade the environments with Oncomelania hupensis snails inside embankment in marshland and lake areas, so as to improve the work efficiency and realize the systematic management.

Methods: The schistosomiasis endemic area Liaodi and Xiongdi villages in Jiangling County, Hubei Province were selected as the experiment villages, and the environments with snails in the two villages were divided into sections with a length of 500 m, then the snail situation were surveyed by the systematic sampling method with 10 m and 50 m a frame respectively. The environments were classified according to the discovery of infected snails and wild fecal contamination, and the numbers of sites with snails and their areas in different classes were recorded.

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in paired human hair and serum from e-waste recycling workers: source apportionment of hair PBDEs and relationship between hair and serum.

Human hair has been widely used as a bioindicator for human persistent organic pollutants (POPs) exposure, but studies on the sources of hair POPs and the relationship between hair and body burden are limited. This study analyzed the possible source apportionment of hair PBDEs and examined the relationship between PBDE concentrations in paired hair and serum from e-waste recycling workers. Using the ratio of BDE 99/47 and BDE 209/207 as indices, we calculated that only 15% of the highly brominated congeners (nona- and deca-BDE congeners) comes from exogenous (external) exposure for both female and male hair, but an average of 64% and 55% of the lower-brominated congeners (tetra- to penta-BDE congeners) come from exogenous exposure for female and male hair, respectively.

[Relationship between schistosome serum test positive rate of residents and positive rate of Oncomelania snails in a national schistosomiasis surveillance site of Jiangling County].

Objective: To explore the relationship between schistosome serum test positive rate of residents and positive rate of Oncomelania snails in a national schistosomiasis surveillance site of Jiangling County.

Methods: According to the national schistosomiasis monitoring scheme, the data of surveillance including the schistosome serum test positive rates of residents and positive rates of Oncomelania snails from 2005 to 2011 were collected and analyzed statistically.

Results: From 2005 to 2011, the schistosome serum test positive rates of residents were 26.

Heavy metals in food, house dust, and water from an e-waste recycling area in South China and the potential risk to human health.

Concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Ni) were measured in the foodstuffs, house dust, underground/drinking water, and soil from an electronic waste (e-waste) area in South China. Elevated concentrations of these potentially toxic metals were observed in the samples but not in drinking water. The health risks for metal exposure via food consumption, dust ingestion, and drinking water were evaluated for local residents.

Polychlorinated biphenyls in human hair at an e-waste site in China: composition profiles and chiral signatures in comparison to dust.

We analyzed the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in human hair collected from an electronic waste (e-waste) recycling area in southern China and compared their composition profiles and chiral signatures to those of workplace and domestic dust. The PCB concentrations showed significant age dependence in dismantling workers' hair but not in residents' hair. Among residents, PCB concentrations decreased in the following order: elderly people>students>pre-school children>adults.

[Effect of replacing cattle with machine on schistosomiasis control in 3 endemic villages of Jiangling County].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the comprehensive measures centered on replacing cattle with machine on schistosomiasis control in 3 villages of Jiangling County.

Methods: Three villages namely Jinqi, Yugu, Huazhang where the comprehensive measures being implemented were chosen as investigated sites, the schistosome infection situation of human, cattle and Oncomelania snails before and after the implementation were surveyed, meanwhile, the degree of satisfaction of the residents were investigated by questionnaire.

Results: In 2009, the schistosome infection rates of Jinqi, Yugu and Huazhang were 1.

[A cross-sectional study about the effects of residential exposure to power transmission line on human nervous system symptoms and hematology].

Objective: To investigate the possible effects on nervous system and health condition under the exposure to electromagnetic field.

Methods: Take the resident around the power transmission line as the objects and were divided into 3 groups by the distance from the power transmission line 20 m, 100 m and 500 m, respectively. Some living conditions and health conditions were recorded by face-to-face the questionnaire survey, and Hematological indices of each groups were examined including IgG, IgM, leukocyte formulae, erythrocyte, hemoglobin and platelet.

[Environmental distribution and disposal measures of infected Oncomelania snails in Jingzhou City].

A survey of Oncomelania snail distribution was carried out with the systematic sampling method in combination with the environmental sampling method. A questionnaire survey was performed to find out the sites where stool examination-positive patients were infected. The results showed that there were 1 721 infected snail spots in Jingzhou City.

[Effect of modified crushing-cercariae escaping method on detection of infected Oncomelania snails in field].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a modified crushing-cercariae escaping method on the detection of infected Oncomelania snails in the field.

Methods: A snail survey was carried out in Jingzhou City in the spring of 2011, and the villages were randomly divided into several groups, the coincidence rates, detection rates and the labour cost of the modified crushing-cercariae escaping method and crushing method were compared.

Results: A total of 14 snail spots were surveyed, and the coincidence rate of the two methods was 100%.

[Schistosomiasis control effect of county promotion and comprehensive control interventions in lake and marshland regions].

Objective: To evaluate the schistosomiasis control effect of county promotion and comprehensive control interventions in Jingzhou City.

Methods: The data of schistosomiasis endemic situation of 9 counties (cities, districts) in Jingzhou City from 2006 to 2010 were collected by a retrospective survey method, and the schistosome infection situation of residents and cattle were selectively examined in November, 2010.

Results: The endemic situation in Jingzhou City from 2006 to 2010 presented a decline tendency.

[Investigation on behavior of schistosomiasis patients in Jiangling County].

A cross-sectional study in a highly endemic area of Jiangling County, Hubei Province showed that the main infested water contact behavior was agricultural production (92.5%), and the re-infection and multi-infection were serious.

[Survey of causes of infected Oncomelania snails and infectious sources of schistosomiasis in marshland and lake region of Jingzhou City].

Objective: To explore the causes of infected Oncomelania snails and the sources of infection of schistosomiasis in marshland and lake regions of Jingzhou City, so as to provide the evidence for the establishment of control strategy.

Methods: The snail environments in villages with or without cattle in Gong'an and Jianli counties, Hubei Province were selected, the snail status, infection status of people and livestock and wildlife reservoir host (mice), as well as the contamination status of wild faeces were surveyed, and the infectivity of water in investigated villages without cattle were detected by sentinel mice. The correlation between the densities of infected snails and positive faeces were tested by the rank correlation method.

[Sampling survey on schistosomiasis in Jingzhou City in 2006].

A survey on schistosomiasis conducted in sampled 453 out of 1971 villages in Jingzhou City in the year of 2006. Miracidia hatching test demonstrated that the prevalence in human population was 3.9% (12,006/310,232), with sporadic cases of acute schistosomiasis, and the prevalence in cattle was 10.

[Mental workload for mental arithmetic on visual display terminal].

Objective: To investigate the possibility of subjective rate, primary task evaluation and psychophysiology evaluation as methods for mental workload assessment of mental arithmetic on visual display terminal (VDT).

Methods: The indexes including Cooper-Harper scale score, correct rate, speed in answering questions, heart rate variability, pupil size and blink rate were recorded during the performance of three different difficult tasks.

Results: With the variable number of formula increasing, the Cooper-Harper scale score increased, the right rate decreased, the speed decreased, pupil size increased, and blink rate significantly decreased.