Hyperbaric Oxygen Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats by Modulating Sodium Channels.

Ischemic stroke accounts for the majority of stroke cases. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is being increasingly used as a treatment for this condition, but its precise mechanisms of action remain incompletely elucidated. This study examined hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) effects on sodium channels in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI).

Chemical imaging unveils mitochondria as the major site of medicinal biguanide accumulation within cells.

Metformin (MET), a commonly prescribed medication for managing type 2 diabetes, has demonstrated various beneficial effects beyond its primary anti-diabetic efficacy. However, the mechanism underlying MET activity and its distribution within organelles remain largely unknown. In this study, we integrate multiple technologies, including chemical labeling, immunostaining, and high-resolution microscopy imaging, to visualize the accumulation of MET in organelles of cultured cells.

Therapeutic effects of long-term HBOT on Alzheimer's disease neuropathologies and cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder with the pathological hallmarks of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain. Although there is a hope that anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies may emerge as a new therapy for AD, the high cost and side effect is a big concern. Non-drug therapy is attracting more attention and may provide a better resolution for the treatment of AD.

Hyperbaric oxygen and treadmill exercise partially prevented bone loss and bone microarchitecture deterioration in ovariectomized rats.

Introduction: Previous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of treadmill exercise (EX) on osteoporosis, and of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on osteoblast and osteoclast formation in vitro. We investigated the effects of HBO and the combination of HBO and EX on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats.

Methods: Forty 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8): a sham control group (Control); an ovariectomy group; an ovariectomy with treadmill exercise treatment group; an ovariectomy with HBO treatment group; and an ovariectomy with HBO treatment combined with treadmill exercise group.

Asymmetric 1,4-functionalization of 1,3-enynes via dual photoredox and chromium catalysis.

The merger of photoredox and transition-metal catalysis has evolved as a robust platform in organic synthesis over the past decade. The stereoselective 1,4-functionalization of 1,3-enynes, a prevalent synthon in synthetic chemistry, could afford valuable chiral allene derivatives. However, tremendous efforts have been focused on the ionic reaction pathway.

The neuroprotective effects of oxygen therapy in Alzheimer's disease: a narrative review.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological disease that primarily affects the elderly. Drug therapy is the main strategy for AD treatment, but current treatments suffer from poor efficacy and a number of side effects. Non-drug therapy is attracting more attention and may be a better strategy for treatment of AD.

Catalytic Enantioconvergent Allenylation of Aldehydes with Propargyl Halides.

α-Allenol is a versatile synthon in organic synthesis. The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of α-allenols from readily available starting materials remains a prominent challenge, especially when simultaneous control over axial and central chirality is required. Herein, we describe the Cr-catalyzed enantioconvergent allenylation of aldehydes with racemic propargyl halides to rapidly access a wide range of chiral α-allenols with adjacent axial and central chiralities.

Acupuncture efficacy on ischemic stroke recovery: multicenter randomized controlled trial in China.

Background And Purpose: Acupuncture is a frequently used complementary treatment for ischemic stroke in China but the evidence available from previous randomized trials is inconclusive. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in a more robustly designed larger scale trial.

Methods: This is a multicenter, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial.

ExStroke Pilot Trial of the effect of repeated instructions to improve physical activity after ischaemic stroke: a multinational randomised controlled clinical trial.

Objectives: To investigate if repeated verbal instructions about physical activity to patients with ischaemic stroke could increase long term physical activity.

Design: Multicentre, multinational, randomised clinical trial with masked outcome assessment.

Setting: Stroke units in Denmark, China, Poland, and Estonia.

[The relationship between the aquaporin-4 and brain edema, pathologic change, ultrastructure in peri-hematoma tissue in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage].

Objective: To observe the expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) mRNA and study the relationship between AQP-4, brain edema, pathological changes and ultrastructure of peri-hematoma tissue in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients.

Methods: Intracranial operation was performed via nonfunctional area with a funnel-like approach on 30 ICH patients. The brain tissue which must be removed 1 cm away the hematoma was removed within 12 hours for observation as normal brain tissue and taken as the control group (7 patients), and which of the brain tissue within 1 cm around hematoma was taken as the study specimens.

The ExStroke Pilot Trial: rationale, design, and baseline data of a randomized multicenter trial comparing physical training versus usual care after an ischemic stroke.

Introduction: A high level of physical activity is associated with a decreased risk of first stroke and physical activity modifies recognized stroke risk factors and is recommended for stroke survivors. Available research shows that stroke patients can increase their level of physical performance over a short period. When the intervention period is over, physical performance often declines towards baseline level.