Drug-tolerant persister cell in cancer: reversibility, microenvironmental interplay, and therapeutic strategies.

Drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cells are a subpopulation of cancer cells capable of surviving therapeutic stress through reversible, non-genetic adaptations. These cells contribute to minimal residual disease and eventual tumor relapse. Understanding the mechanisms that govern the entry into and exit from the DTP state-such as epigenetic remodeling, metabolic rewiring, and transcriptional plasticity-reveals actionable vulnerabilities.

Non-starch polysaccharides from nutmeg: Preparation process and bioactivity.

This study was for the preparation of bioactive non-starch polysaccharides from nutmeg (NEP), addressing the high content of lipids and starch in nutmeg. First, lipids were removed by 3 times defatted with petroleum ether. Then, the optimal extraction process was 170 min at 82 °C with a liquid solid ratio of 15: 1 mL/g.

Tea Extracellular Vesicle-Derived MicroRNAs Contribute to Alleviate Intestinal Inflammation by Reprogramming Macrophages.

The clinical use of conventional medications for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often limited by significant side effects. The extracellular vesicles derived from plant-based diets have shown promise in mitigating disease. Here, we discovered that natural extracellular vesicles from tea (TEVs) can achieve an appropriate transition from proinflammatory (M1) to anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages and inhibit inflammation response both in vitro and in vivo.